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RAVARD (Jacques)
L'Equation
Paris Éditions de l'Anseul décembre 1956 Tapuscrit in-12° autographe de cette nouvelle de [2] ff. - 13 pp. - [1] f., réalisé en 5 exemplaires nominatifs, celui-ci pour Henri Cuinet, avec envoi de l'auteur.
Reference : 50
Une nouvelle inédite probablement autobiographique où l'auteur s'interroge sur l'équation de la vie Pierre, d'ordinaire parisien, chercheur dans un laboratoire du Commissariat à l'énergie atomique part se ressourcer dans une maison de famille située sur les flancs de la Montagne Noire entre Dourgne et Massaguel. Jacques Ravard, marié avec Nadine Milhet est le père de François Ravard, manager du groupe de musique Téléphone. Il a fait partie de l'équipe de production de La Cantatrice chauve de Ionesco, à La Huchette. Puis en 1986 crée les Éditions Le Livre Qui Parle faisant de lui un des pionniers de l'édition de livres audio en France.
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5 book(s) with the same title
The Quantum Theory of the Electron - [FIRST ANNOUNCEMENT OF THE DIRAC EQUATION]
London, Harrison and Sons, 1928. Royal8vo. In the original printed wrappers. In ""Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, Series A, Vol. 117, No. 778"". Black cloth backstrip pasted on to spine, otherwise a fine copy (without institutional stamps). [Dirac's paper:]Pp 610-624. [Entire issue:] Pp. 541-730, (2), XXXVI, X + 6 plates.
First printing of Dirac's landmark paper in which he unified quantum mechanics and relativity and implied the existence of antimatter now known as the Dirac Equation"" one of the great triumphs of theoretical physics which brought him on a par with the works of Newton, Maxwell, and Einstein before him. In 1933 he was awarded the Nobel Price in Physics ""for the discovery of new productive forms of atomic theory"", a direct consequence of the present paper. ""[The Dirac Equations] ranks among the highest achievements of twentieth-century science"" (Pais, Inward Bound, p. 290).""In the Dirac equation not only quantum mechanics and the special theory of relativity were married, but also the spin of the electron is contained in it without any ad hoc assumption. But the equation not just beautifully described known phenomena, it did more. It predicted the existence of electrons with negative energy. This was at first held to be a severe problem of the theory but was finally understood as great progress, because negative-energy electrons could be interpreted as hitherto unknown particles. Thus, the existence of new particles was predicted which had all properties of the electron except for the electric charge. These particles were indeed found four years after the equation. Dirac is often quoted to have said that his equation 'contains most of physics and all of chemistry'."" (Brandt, The Harvest of a Century).""Even with the many successful applications of quantum mechanics to spectroscopy and other areas of physics, the theory was not without problems. There was, for example, the question of the relationship between relativity and quantum mechanics. If quantum mechanics was really a fundamental theory of the microcosmos, it ought to be consistent with the fundamental theory of macroscopic bodies, the (special) theory of relativity. Yet it was obvious from the very beginning that this was not the case. It was not too difficult to construct a relativistic quantum wave equation, such as Schrödinger had already done privately and as Oskar Klein, Walter Gordon, and several other physicists did in 1926-27. Unfortunately, this equation, known as the Klein-Gordon equation, did not result in the correct fine structure of hydrogen and it proved impossible to combine it with the spin theory that Pauli had proposed in 1927. The solution appeared in January 1928, when Dirac published his classical paper on 'The Quantum Theory of the Electron', which included a relativistic wave equation that automatically incorporated the correct spin. Dirac's equation was of the same general form as Schrödinger's equation [...] and included matrices with four rows and four columns"" correspondingly the Dirac wave function had four components. Most remarkably, without introducing the spinning electron in advance, the equation contained the correct spin. In a certain, unhistorical sense, had spin not been discovered empirically, it would have turned up deductively from Dirac's theory. The new theory was quickly accepted when it turned out that the Dirac eigenvalue equation for a hydrogen atom resulted in exactly the same energy equation that Sommerfeld had derived in 1916. Dirac's relativistic wave equation marked the end of the pioneering and heroic phase of quantum mechanics, and also marked the beginning of a new phase"" (Kragh, Quantum Generations, p. 167)
Sur la résolution de l’équation du cinquième degré. (On the Solution of the Equation of the Fifth Degree).
(Paris, Mallet-Bachelier), 1858. 4to. No wrappers. In: ""Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences"", Tome 46, No 11. Pp. (503-) 546 (entire issue offered). Hermite's paper: pp. 508-515.
First apperance of Hermite's famous paper in which he, by the application of elliptic functions, provided the first solution to the general equation of the fifth degree, the quintic equation.Hermite was a major figure in the development of the theory of algebraic forms, the arithmetical theory of quadratic forms, and the theories of elliptic and Abelian functions. He first studied the representation of integers in what are now called Hermitian forms. His famous solution of the general quintic equation appeared in Sur la résolution de l’équation du cinquième degré (1858"" ""On the Solution of the Equation of the Fifth Degree""). (Encyclopedia Britannica).Parkinson ""Breakthroughs"" 1858 M.
Untersuchungen über Dämpfe und Nebel, besonders über solche von Lösungen. - [FIRST APPEARANCE OF THE OSTWALD-FREUNDLICH EQUATION.]
Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1885. 8vo. As extracted. In ""Annalen der Physik und Chemie"" 263, no 4. Entire issue offered. Traces from old back-strip. Internlly fine and clean. [Helmholtz's paper:] Pp. 508-543. [Entire issue:] Pp. 481-680 + 3 folded plates.
First appearance of Helmholtz’s dissertation in which the German physicist derived the Ostwald–Freundlich equation and showed that Kelvin's equation could be transformed into the Ostwald–Freundlich equation. The German physical chemist Wilhelm Ostwald derived the equation apparently independently in 1900" however, his derivation contained a minor error which the German chemist Herbert Freundlich corrected in 1909. The Ostwald–Freundlich equation governs boundaries between two phases specifically, it relates the surface tension of the boundary to its curvature, the ambient temperature, and the vapor pressure or chemical potential in the two phases.
Über Brownsche Molekularbewegung unter Einwirkung äusserer Kräfte und deren Zusammenhang mit der verallgemeinerten Diffusionsgleichung. - [THE SMOLUCHOWSKI EQUATION]
Leipzig, Barth, 1915. 8vo. In the original printed wrappers. Author's presentation offprint with the printed presentation statement on top of frontwrapper ""Überreicht vom Verfasser"" [i.e. ""Given by the author""]. Offprint from ""Annalen der Physik"", Vierte Folge, Band 48, 1915. A very fine copy, near mint. Pp. 1103-1112.
Scarce presentation offprint with the printed presentation of Smolukowski's important drift-diffusion equation or the Smoluchowski equation. Here he documented that In some cases, the average velocity field exists because of a force, for example, the equation might describe the flow of ions dissolved in a liquid, with an electric field pulling the ions in some direction. This is referred to as the drift-diffusion equation (not to be confused with the Einstein-Smoluchowski relation)
"RICCATO, JACOBO. (JACOPO FRANCESCO RICCATI) - DANIELIS BERNOULLI (DANIEL BERNOULLI).
Reference : 42595
(1724)
[Riccati:] Animadversiones in aequationes differentiales secundi gradus. + [Bernouilli:] Notata in praecedens schediasma III. Co. Jacobi Riccati. (In: Actorum Eruditorum, Supplementa. Tomus VIII, 66-75 pp.). - [THE RICCATI-EQUATION]
Leipzig, Gross & Fritsch, 1724. 4to. Entire volume present. Nice contemporary full vellum. Small yellow paper label pasted to top of spine and library-label to inside of front board. Two smaller library stamps to title-page. Internally some browning and brownspotting, due to the paper quality. Overall a nice and tight copy. [Riccati-paper:] pp. 66-73. [Bernouilli-paper:] pp. 73-75. [Entire volume: (2), 532, (34) pp.].
The important first printing of Riccati's main work, his influential ""Animadversiones in aequationes differentiales secundi gradus"", in which the famous Riccati-equation is presented + Bernouilli's famous note on it.""In his ""Animadversiones in aequationes differentiales secundi gradus,"" published in Acta Eruditorum in 1724, Riccati suggested the study of cases of integrability [...] which is now known by his name. In response to this suggestion Nikolaus II Bernoulli wrote an important treatise on the equation and Daniel Bernoulli presented, in his Exercitationes quaedam mathematicae, the conditions under which it may be integrated by the method of separation of the variables. Euler also integrated it."" (DSB, XI).""In the supplement volume to Acta Eruditorum, Riccati's paper is immediately followed by Daniel Bernoulli' Notata (St. 5.). As the latter admitted in the Exercitationes, he had Riccati's paper in his hands for two days before it was sent to Leipzig. In this short paper Daniel Bernoulli first claims that equation (D) is not an appropriate example because by substituting dy=q it can easily (""Haud magno negotio"") be reduced to a first order differential equation."" (Die Werke von Daniel Bernoulli, 1996, Birkhäuser, Volker Zimmermann (edt). ""Riccati ( 1676 - 1754) was the son of a noble family who held land near Venice. His renown was such that Peter the Great invited him to come to Russia as president of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences. [...]. Riccati carried on an extensive correspondence with mathematicians all over Europe. His work were collected and published, four years after his death, by his sons, of whom two, Vincenzo and Giordano were themselves eminent mathematicians. (DSB, XI).
