‎Economie rurale considérée dans ses rapports avec la chimie, la physique et la météorologie. Tome Premier et Tome Second‎

‎Paris, Béchet Jeune, 1851. 2e édition revue, corrigée et augmentée. 2 vol. in-8 reliés demi-veau bleu, dos très élégants : décor doré, ix-819 & 767 pp. Bon état : rousseurs in-t. Reliure légèrement frottée.‎

‎LA JEUNE MENAGERE PRATIQUE‎

‎ 1939 demi-reliure en toile rouge (half cloth-bound) grand in-octavo, dos long (spine without raised band) - titre frappé or sur le dos et le premier plat (gilt title on the spine and the front cover), tranches lisses (smooth edges), illustrations : 154 figures in texte (pictures in text), II+340 pages, 1939 à Paris Librairie Hachette,‎

‎préface de M. Boutier - bon état (very good condition) ‎

‎Wages and Income in the United Kingdom since 1860. - [SIMON KUZNETS'S COPY]‎

‎Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1937. 8vo. In the original green full cloth with the original dust wrapper. Dust wrapper with wear, lacking 5 mm to top and bottom of spine and the upper right part of the back. Apart from the dust-jacket, a very fine and clean copy. XIX, (1), 151 pp.‎

‎Economist Simon Kuznets's copy of the first edition of Bowley's conclusive work on wages and income in United Kingdom. Bowley produced a stream of studies on British economic statistics, beginning in the 1890s with works on trade and on wages and income, and proceeding to studies of national income in the 1920s and -30s. The present, although rather short, work became highly influential, as it introduced much of Bowley's more technical work to a broader public.Simon Smith Kuznets (1901 - 1985) Russian American economist was awarded the Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences for ""his empirically founded interpretation of economic growth which has led to new and deepened insight into the economic and social structure and process of development"".Kuznets revolutionized econometrics with the important book ""National Income and Its Composition, 1919-1938. Published in 1941 which eventually formed the famous Kuznets Curve. This work relied to a large extent on Bowley's work on national income.‎

‎Elements of Statistics. Fifth Edition.‎

‎London, 1926. Orig. full cloth. XI,463 pp.‎

‎Managerial Accounting: International Edition‎

‎Pearson 2009 864 pages 21 6x2 8x27 6cm. 2009. Broché. 864 pages.‎

‎Très bon état‎

‎International Monetary Fund and International Bank for Reconstruction and Development. - [FIRST ANNOUNCEMENT OF THE BRETTON WOODS SYSTEM]‎

‎Washington, U. S. Treasury, 1944. 8vo. Bound with the original wrappers in later half cloth. White library numbering to top left corner of front boards and front wrapper. ""Withdrawn"" stamp to front wrapper. Soiling to top right corner of front wrapper affecting first 20 leaves. Front wrapper creased. X, 88 pp.‎

‎First announcement of the establishment of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) at Bretton Woods in July 1944 - the greatest, most powerful and successful international economic agreement ever made. 44 Allied nations led by The United States and Great Britain sought to rebuild the international economic system while World War II was still going on. The Bretton Woods system obligated each country to adopt a monetary policy that maintained the exchange rate by tying its currency to the U.S. dollar and the ability of the IMF to bridge temporary imbalances of paymentsThe formation of the Bretton Woods system is by many considered the main factor in the economic prosperity experienced in Western Europe and the USA during the 50ies and 60ies thus shaping the world economy for decades. Regardless of the fact that some of the basic traits of the system (the gold standard) was abandoned in 1971 - usually referred to as the Nixon Shock - it is still the most influential economic event in the post war-years, if not the entire 20th century. ""The United States and Great Britain took the lead in constructing the postwar international monetary institutions, with John Maynard Keynes and Harry Dexter White drawing up rival designs for the new system. The Charter of the International Monetary Fund provided for a system based on pegged, but adjustable, exchange rates and an institution which would lend additional reserve assets to countries which were having temporary difficulties in maintaining convertibility. Resort to floating exchange rates, competitive devaluations, and trade restirctions to promote domestic employment were explicitly to be avoided, in the light of the problems of the 1930s"". ‎

‎United Nations Monetary and Financial Conference. Bretton Woods, New Hampshire, U.S.A. July 1 to July 22, 1944. - [FIRST EUROPEAN ANNOUNCEMENT ON THE BRETTON WOODS SYSTEM]‎

‎London, His Majesty's Stationery Office, 1944. 8vo. In the original printed stapled wrappers. Stapels with rust affecting surrounding paper. A small 1 cm long tear to lower left part of front wrapper, otherwise fine and clean. 70 pp.‎

‎First European announcement of the establishment of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) at Bretton Woods in July 1944 - the greatest, most powerful and successful international economic agreement ever made. 44 Allied nations led by The United States and Great Britain sought to rebuild the international economic system while World War II was still going on. The Bretton Woods system obligated each country to adopt a monetary policy that maintained the exchange rate by tying its currency to the U.S. dollar and the ability of the IMF to bridge temporary imbalances of paymentsThe formation of the Bretton Woods system is by many considered the main factor in the economic prosperity experienced in Western Europe and the USA during the 50ies and 60ies thus shaping the world economy for decades. Regardless of the fact that some of the basic traits of the system (the gold standard) was abandoned in 1971 - usually referred to as the Nixon Shock - it is still the most influential economic event in the post war-years, if not the entire 20th century. ""The United States and Great Britain took the lead in constructing the postwar international monetary institutions, with John Maynard Keynes and Harry Dexter White drawing up rival designs for the new system. The Charter of the International Monetary Fund provided for a system based on pegged, but adjustable, exchange rates and an institution which would lend additional reserve assets to countries which were having temporary difficulties in maintaining convertibility. Resort to floating exchange rates, competitive devaluations, and trade restirctions to promote domestic employment were explicitly to be avoided, in the light of the problems of the 1930s"". The present publication was printed in August 1944, thus being first publication to introduce the Bretton Woods system to the British and European public and legislators.‎

‎Le prolétariat industriel‎

‎Paris, Desclée de Brouwer s.d. 303pp., dans la série "La Lumière Ouvrière", br.orig., 20cm., cachet, bon état, E42134‎

‎Les conditions générales de l'activité économique‎

‎Paris, Recueil Sirey 1934 607pp., dans la série "Traité d'économie politique - publié sous la direction de Henri Truchy" vol.II, br.orig., 26cm., cachet, dos peu restauré, bon état, E27468‎

‎L'économie politique mathématique‎

‎Paris, R.Pichon et R.Durand-Auzias 1949 365pp., dans la série "L'économie politique contemporaine, collection dirigée par Bertrand Nogaro" vol.XXIII, br.orig., cachet, bon état, E41548‎

‎LE NIVEAU DE VIE EN FRANCE‎

‎ 1969 broché in-octavo tellière (paperback), dos (spine) blanc, couverture (cover) jaune, illustrations : figures et tableaux (pictures and tables), 128 pages, 1969 Paris Presse Universitaires de France,‎

‎Collection "Que Sais-Je ?" numéro 371, troisième édition refondue (reorganized edition), bon état (good condition) ‎

‎Dictionnaire économique et social - 100 articles thématiques, 1500 définitions‎

‎Hatier / Bremond, 1990. 419 pp In-12°. Illustré avec plusieurs graphiques, tables et schémas dans texte. ‎

‎Bon état général. Intérieur très frais. Légères marques d'usage à l'extérieur.‎

‎De monetis et re numaria libri duo. Quorum primus artem cudendae monetae, secundus vero quaestionum monetariarum decisiones continet. - [STANDARD WORK ON COINAGE - THE FIRST OF ITS KIND]‎

‎Coloniae, Ioannem Gymnicum, 1591. 4to. Bound in a very nice contemporary full calf with five raised bands, rebacked with the contemporary spine. Richly gilt spine and gilt lines to edges of boards. Contemporary handwriting to top of pasted down front free end paper. Pp. 777-798 with wormholes in margin, not affecting text. A very fine and clean copy. (76), 798 pp.(As usual with the typopgraphical errors: pp. 139, 234, 267,353, 685, 768 are numbered as 339, 202, 263, 343, 645, 778. These errors are to be found in all published copies. See Einaudi 737).‎

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‎Scarce first edition of one of the earliest - and most important - works on coinage, dealing with weight and measure, as well as the value and devaluation of money. Apart from the seminal original contribution of Budel, this extensive work contains 29 contributions by earlier philosophers and theologians on the subject, - ""a compilation of almost every earlier treatise on the subject"" - which, in a true Renaissance spirit, makes it the very first compilation in economic history."" ""De Monetis et re numaria"" remained the standard work on the subject for almost two centuries"". (Nussbaum, A Note on the Idea of World Money). During the Renaissance, international banking saw a rise, which eventually resulted in a demand for one uniform European coinage. Budelius' thesis can be read as an ideological response to this demand, as he argued for precisely that: a unified market with one universal coinage. In this sense, his work anticipates by several hundred years many of the economic thoughts presented by the Classical economists during the second half of 18th century. Budelius discusses the metallic view and the abuse of adulteration and falsification, and then attempts an exposition of how money may be coined in the most practical way. He then goes on to deal with the problem of how a debtor will meet his obligations if the coinage has been debased since the time the debt was contacted or the loan received. He maintaind that the same bullion value must be repaid although the coin may be depreciated - a view that was generally accepted at the time.The third part of the work consists of a ""compilation of almost every earlier treatise on the subject. In nearly all of them, the central problem is the same as the one discussed in the second book of Budelius' work"". (Mariana ,The political economy of Juan de Mariana).The general thesis of Budelius' work is that the trading partners should seek to use only one currency and that the law of coinage and money's ""natural state"" (an early reference to how money behave in the market) should be unified. In the period of the Cologne War, Germany had several different currencies and laws in relation to coinage and minting of coins. This not only restrained the domestic trade in Germany, it also lead to armed conflict which again resulted in a more fragmented economy. Budelius's work can be read as an attempt to unify Germany (and the rest of Europe) under one currency, which also would serve the purpose of stabilizing the highly volatile curriencies during this period: ""The widely cited Rene Budel (1591) held it ""to be indubitable that a Prince in the midst of costly wars, and therefore in great necessity, can order that money be made out of leather, bark, salt, or any material he wants, if he is careful to repair the loss inflicted thereby on the community with good and better money"". (Cambridge Companion to Economic Thought). In the sense of unifying Europe under one currency, Budelius seperates himself from not only Medieval monetary thinkers, but from his contemporary mercantilists as well: ""The medieval literature on money is characterized by nascent nationalism, with the imagery of the body applied to the kingdom, and of money as the blood moving through its parts. Nicole Oresme’s De Moneta pointed out that if money is accumulated in the king’s treasury and withdrawn from circulation, it constitutes an abscess in the body."" (Cambridge Companion to Economic Thought). His comments represent the synthesis of two traditions, one uncovering the theoretical possibility of fiat money, the other uncovering its practical usefulness, as means of raising revenues in emergencies, from examples taken from history. Budelius cites examples of copper petty coinage in Germany and the Low countries, and gives examples of siege money. From Maastricht in 1579 (copper), Vienna in 1529 (lead), tin in Neuss, and even paper siege money in Leyden in 1574. He then writes: ""I hold this to be indubitable, as I recall a little earlier, that a Prince in the midst of costly wars, and therefore in great necessity, can order that money be made out of leather, bark, salt, or any material he wants, if he is careful to repair the loss inflicted thereby on the community with good and better money."" The insights of Budel about token money were to be tested by some experiments in the coming years and were carried further by important theorists in the Renaissance and later. Budelius (1530-91), was a practitioner, a jurist by training, who worked as diplomat for the archbishop of Cologne, and later as mint-master in Westphalia for the duke of Bavaria. This is reflected in his practical and empirical approach to the economic challenges the Renaissance society was subjected to, unlike the more often seen theoretical and moral approach. Goldsmith 254Mattioli 451 Einaudi 737 Adams 3153"" Smith, Rara Arithmetica 396: ""A monumental work"".‎

‎La grammaire de la Banque - Traité pratique des opérations de banque‎

‎Paris, Flammarion 1928 373pp., br.orig. (dos restauré), 22cm., qqs.estampes, texte en bel état‎

‎Essai impertinent sur l'Histoire de la Bretagne Méridionale: Les hommes de Téviec dans l'ombre des Phéniciens‎

‎Editions L'Harmattan 2005 174 pages 13 4x1 2x21 4cm. 2005. Broché. 174 pages.‎

‎couverture légèrement défraîchie intérieur propre bonne tenue‎

‎Einige strittige Frage der Capitalstheorie. Drei Abhandlungen. - [OFF-PRINT - PRESENTATION-COPY]‎

‎Wien & Leipzig, Wilheml Braumüller, 1900. 8vo. In contemporary half cloth with gilt lettering to spine. Endpapers brownspotted. Offprint from: ""Zeitschrift für Volkswirtschaft, Socialpolitik und Verwaltung"", Achter Band. 'Vom Verfasser' inscribed on upper right corner of title-page. With previous owner's dedication to pasted down front end-paper: ""An H. Furuja (Oct. 1947) / Seiichi Tobata Leipzig August 1928"", and to verso of front free end-paper: ""Zugleich / S. S. 129-360 von Eugen von Böhm -Bawerk: Kleine / Abhandlungenåuber Kapital und Zins, hrsg von / Franz X. Weiss. 1926 Wien und Leipzig"". A fine copy. (4), 127, (1) pp.‎

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‎Presentation copy of the rare offprint, being also the first separate edition, of this important contribution to the problems of capital theory, in which Böhm-Bawerk elaborates and defends his theories presented in 'Positive Theory of Capital' (1889). Bohm-Bawerk's thoughts on capital and interest also exerted great influence on many American economists, in particularly Irving Fisher.The present copy was given by the author to an unknown recipient, then passed on to the Japanese economist Seiichi Tobata (1899 - 1983), Professor of agriculture and economics at Tokyo University, recipient of the 1968 Ramon Magsaysay Award for Public Service for his contributions to the modernization of Japanese agriculture.""The neoclassical part of his (Böhm-Bawerk's) argument, in particular his analysis of intertemporal consumer behaviour, was taken up by Irving Fisher (1907, 1930) and developed into a theory of interest which is based on the notion of time preference and the concept of investment opportunities' (in The New Palgrave, vol.1, p.257).Specifically in this work, Böhm-Bawerk posed a problem which had not been seen before in its full importance: the role of the rate of interest in the choice of an optimal method of production' (ibid, p.258).""As civil servant and economic theorist, Bohm-Bawerk was one of the most influential economists of his generation. A leading member of the Austrian School, he was one of the main propagators of neoclassical economic theory and did much to help it attain its dominance over classical economic theory. His name is primarily associated with the Austrian theory of capital and a particular theory of interest' (ibid, p.254)‎

‎Eléments de microéconomie‎

‎De Boeck 1992 in8. 1992. Broché.‎

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‎bon état de conservation tranche un peu ternie intérieur propre‎

‎Cases on bills and notes.‎

‎ Cambridge, Author-Editor 1928, 230x155mm, XV - 1051pages, editor's binding. Title and author gilded on the back of the book. Book in very good condition.‎

‎Repaso a la teoria economica‎

‎Buenos Aires (Mexico), Fondo de Cultura Economica 1946 407pp., br.orig., texte en espagnol, bel état, [2e édition en espagnol]‎

‎Essai sur la Nature du Commerce en général. Traduit de l'anglois. - [THE FOUNDATION OF ECONOMIC THEORY]‎

‎A Londres, Chez Fletcher Gyles, dans Holborn, 1755. 12mo (binding ab. 17x10 cm). Bound in a very nice, contemporary full mottled calf binding with five raised bands to richly gilt spine. All edges of boards with a single gilt line-decoration. Beautiful marbled edges. Very neat and professional restorations to hinges and upper capital. A single tiny worm-hole to middle of spine and a supeficial, barely noticeable, crack down the middle. Old paper-label to lower compartment of spine. One corner a bit worn. Small ex libris to inside of front board, ex libris stamp to half-title. Contemporary owner's name crossed out at title-page. Internally exceptionally nice and clean. Small worm-hole to inner margin of about 60 leaves towards the end, only just touching the edge of a very few letters, otherwise not affecting lettering at all. (4), 430, (6, -Table des Chapitres) pp.‎

‎The exceedingly rare first edition of one of the most important and influential works of economic literature, as well as being one of the scarcest. The author is considered a pioneer of economic theory who anticipated and influenced the likes of Smith, Malthus, Turgot, Quesnay, Mirabeau, etc., etc. and this, his only published work (!), is considered the first actual work of theoretical economics, an absolutely ground-breaking work which by Jevons was characterized as the ""Cradle of Political Economy"".Richard Cantillon (1680-1734), though his name is probably of Spanish descent, was an Irishman, and he spent most of his life in France. He was a man of secrecy, and little is known about his life and work. He wrote his only published book, the seminal ""Essai sur la Nature du Commerce en Général"" between 1730 and 1734 but never saw it published, as he was murdered in 1734 (when he was robbed and his house was set on fire, presumably by his former cook whom he had dismissed ten days earlier), and the book had to await posthumous publication. There is evidence that Cantillon wrote much more than this single work, but the ""Essai"" seems to be the only one that survived the fire in his house on the night of his death. The work was finally published for the first time in French, anonymously, in 1755, and it is not known whether Cantillon actually wrote the manuscript in French and that the mention of translation on the title-page is false (e.g. to avoid French censorship), or whether he wrote the manuscript in English and translated it into French himself"" in all cases, the work circulated in French manuscript form, before it was published, and an English manuscript has never been found. ""In any case, the ""Essai"" is a work of genious, and it was undoubtedly written by Cantillon"" (Brewer, p. 19). After having had an immense influence on the Physiocrats and the French School, directly influencing Anne-Robert-Jacques Turgot , François Quesnay, Jean-Baptiste Say, Victor de Riquetti marquis de Mirabeau, Adam Smith, etc., the ""Essay…"" soon sank into obscurity only to be rediscovered by Jevons in the 1880'ies, and throughout the late 19th and the 20th century it has become increasingly evident that the present work is indeed a pioneering work, which directly and indirectly influenced almost all later economic theory. ""Richard Cantillon was a key figure in the early development of economics. He was one of the first to see economy as a single inter-connected system and to try to explain how it worked, and the first to present a coherent theory of prices and income distribution. He made major contributions to monetary theory and to the theory of balance of payments adjustment. The Physiocrats, writing only a few years after the (delayed) publication of Cantillon's one surviving work, the ""Essai sur la nature du commerce en general"", took many of their ideas very directly from it. Adam Smith probably learnt from Cantillon's ""Essai"" , as well as from the Physiocrats. There is thus a direct line of intellectual descent from Cantillon's ""Essai"" to Smith's ""Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations"", and to modern economics."" (Brewer, p. 1). ""Cantillon predated the Physiocrats in two ways. First, he used the term ""entrepreneur"" and emphasized the role of this figure in economic life. Business people, Cantillon said commit themselves to definite payments in expectation of uncertain receipts"" this risk taking is remunerated by profit, which competition tends to reduce to the normal value of the entrepreneurs' services. Second, writing a generation before Quesnay constructed his ""Tableau Economique"", Cantillon stated: ""Cash is therefore necessary, not only for the Rent of the landlord... but also for the City merchandise consumed in the country... The circulation of this money takes place when the Landlords spend in detail in the City the rents which the farmers have paid them in lump sums, and when the Entrepreneurs of the Cities, Butchers, Bakers, Brewers, etc. collect little by little the same money to buy from the Farmers in lump sums Cattle, Wheat, Barley, etc.""Cantillon developed a theory of value and price. His emphasis on the role of land and labor, on supply and demand, and on the fluctuations of price around intrinsic value makes him a direct forerunner of classical economists... Cantillon anticipated classical economic thought in several other ways. For example, he stated, ""Men multiply like mice in a barn if they have unlimited Means of Subsistence."" The classical economist Thomas Malthus held a similar view. Also, Cantillon analyzed interest as a reward for the risk taken in lending, based on profits that the entrepreneurs can make by borrowing and investing... In addition, Cantillon focused on the productivity of a nation's resources..."" (Brue, pp. 59-60).See: Anthony Brewer, Richard Cantillon: Pioneer of Economic Theory, 1992Stanley L. Brue, The Evolution of Economic Thought. Sixth Edition, 2000Kress: 5423" Einaudi: 846 Goldsmiths’ 8989 Higgs, Bibliography of Economics, 938.‎

‎La Banque d'Emission au Service de l'Etat [2 tomes]‎

‎Gand, Lithographia Belgica 1923 xi + 606pp.+ qqs.tableaux dépliants, belles reliures cart. (dos en toile, plats marbrés, titres dorés aux dos), bel état‎

‎Principles of Political Economy. 4 Parts in 3 vols. Part the First: Of the Laws of the Production and Distribution of Wealth. Part the Second: Of the Causes which Retard Increase in the Population of Wealth, and Improvement in the Physical and Moral C... - [THE MOST IMPORTANT 19TH CENTURY ECONOMIC WORK PUBLISHED IN THE USA]‎

‎Philadelphia & London, 1837-1840. 3 volumes lex 8vo. Bound in three absolutely lovely, contemporary, uniform moiré-impressed dark brown full cloth bindings. The impressed pattern of the cloth varies on the three bindings, contributing to the charm of the set. Gilt lettering to spines. Very neatly and gently re-backed, barely noteceable, laying down the original cloth spines. Some brownspotting, mostly to end-papers and first and last leaves in each volume. (2), XVI, 342 VI, pp. (9) - 466" (6), 270 pp. - Fully complete, collation in accordance with Einaudi.‎

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‎The rare first edition of Carey's extremely influential main work, which was to become the standard representation of the American School of Economic Thought and the dominant theoretical work within political economy - it fact, it dominated the US economic system from the time of its appearance up until 1973. It ""made the fundamental departure [from the British economic theorists] of declaring that land derives its value from the capital expended on it,"" (Dictionary of American Biography) and that the wages of the workers increase faster than the returns of capital, thereby lending towards ""a progressive diffusion of wealth among the poorest classes of society."" (Dictionary of American Biography). Today Carey is considered the most internationally influential political economist and social scientist produced in nineteenth-century America.In the present work Carey essentially advocates the laissez-faire economic theory which has become a fundamental system of the North American political economy. He controverts the views of Malthus, Ricardo, McCulloch, and Torrens. He rejects Ricardo's rent theory, while he sets forth his own redistribution theory, ""which called for progressive dispersal of wealth among the poorest families in society"" (Brennan, The Politics of National Capitalism, p. 136).""The scope of Carey's optimistic belief in a harmonious order gradually widened. In his Principles of Political Economy the landowner becomes part of the harmonious order, with his earnings depicted as a return on his capital rather than a gift of nature. Population growth does not disturb the harmony as it is restrained by social conditioning."" (The New Palgrave,p. 370). Ironically, Carey later changed his view on political economy, leaning towards a more protectionist stand point, a viewpoint which greatly influenced President Abraham Lincoln.Carey's influence upon the US-economy and the entire North American political establishment cannot be overestimated. Henry Carey emerged as the senior, global strategist among American military and intelligence leaders and - more importantly - he served as chief economic advisor to Abraham Lincoln during his presidency. Carey advocated the continuance of Abraham Lincoln's Greenbacks policy of debt-free, government-issued money as a way of freeing America's economy from British capitalists, who sought to control America's wealth. Lincoln furthermore sought to thoroughly modernize the American economy, including banking and the railroads, by creating cooperation - not conflict as, seen with the socialists in Europe - between labour and capital and Carey became the economic theoretician to support these views. Carey's enormous influence extended across the Atlantic Ocean to several European countries, especially Germany, who rapidly changed into an industrial giant in the 1870'ies and benefitted from Carey's policies. ""This German revolution was affected largely through the personal efforts of American economist Henry C. Carey, as Bismarck welcomed Carey's intervention to educate and help shape a German policymaking elite. Carey was world renowned as intellectual leader of the forces backing Abraham Lincoln's agenda: government Library of Congress credit and high tariffs to build railroads, mills, and mines. With the political power and prestige of the Union's Civil War victory behind them, and the amazing success of U.S. industrialization under protectionism, Carey and his allies were taking this nationalist program out to German, Russia, Japan and the rest of the world."" (Chaitkin, How Carey and Bismarck Transformed Germany, p. 66)Schumpeter too was sympathetic toward Carey's thinking: ""We may feel that the United States would be a happier place and would have attained a higher cultural level by now if a larger part of the country's energies had gone into other than business pursuits and if, in consequence, her industrial development had been slower. This, however, is a matter of personal evaluation and does not excuse us from recognizing that Carey's was a great vision and that, in most respects, this vision expressed adequately both the situation and spirit of the country. Moreover, we cannot excuse ourselves from recognizing that this vision was independent of its deplorable analytic implementation and capable of being implemented more satisfactorily."" (Schumpeter, History of Economic Analysis, pp. 516-7.). ""Especially popular in Europe, Principles was translated into Swedish and Italian as well as German, Japanese, Portuguese, and Russian and was reprinted numerous times throughout the nineteenth century"" (Brennan, The Politics of National Capitalism, p. 136).Einaudi 888Goldsmith 29768Sabin 10836‎

‎An interest-book at 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 per C. from 1000 l. to 1 l. for 1 day to 92 days, and for 3, 6, 9, 12 months. Exactly examined by John Castaing. - [INITIATING THE LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE]‎

‎London, printed for the Author, 1720. Small8vo. (115 x 80 mm) Bound in a contemporary full calf with three raised bands and gilt margins to front and back boards. Extremities with wear and hindges weak. Previous owner's names to end paper and verso of title-page. Authors name in contemporary hand (in Castaing's own hand?) to upper part title-page. Internally fine and clean. [Blank], 88 ff, [Blank]. (A-I*8, K-L*8).‎

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‎Scarce fourth edition of edition this earliest example of what came to found the London Stock Exchange, Castaing's famous pocket book for calculating interest. The book, which was advertised to be: ""very exact, and convenient, not much bigger than a Spectacle-Case"" quickly became immensely popular and was published in a total of nine editions. Despite of the many editions, all editions of the book are of the utmost scarcity, most likely due to the fact that it was intended to be a practical tool for merchants and bankers who daily had to look up interest rates, which will have caused the majority of the copies to be worn out. We have been able to locate another copy with Castaing's name in a similar handwriting which could suggest it is either by the author himself or the publisher. We have, however, not been able to have this confirmed. ""This eighteenth-century version of Reuters, and its competitors were the sine qua non for the development of London into the major world financial center that it later became. For subsequent scholarly research,Castaing’s publication also has proven highly valuable. If one event can be said to mark the completion of England’s transformation, however, it is the development of London to the point where it eclipsedAmsterdam as an international financial center."" (Lothian, Financial Integration over the Past Three Centuries).During the 17th century, stockbrokers were not allowed in the Royal Exchange due to their lack of manners. They had to operate from other establishments in the vicinity, such as Jonathan's Coffee-House. At that coffee house, in 1698, Casting began listing the prices of a few commodities, exchange rates as well as certain key provisions such as salt, coal, and paper. Originally, this list was not daily and was only published a few days of the week. This constitutes the earliest initiative of what later became the London Stock Exchange. (Goldsmiths' 6376 (1725 edition))" (Kress 2778 (1712 edition)). ESTC records 6 copies of this edition.‎

‎Trattati overo discorsi di M. Bartolomeo Calvalcanti sopra gli ottimi Reggimenti delle Republiche antiche et moderne. Con un discorso di M. Sebastiano Erizo gentil'huomo Vinitiano de Gouverni Civili. Ne' quali con molta dottrina si mostra quanto siano utili i governi publici, & quanto necessari i priuati & particolari per conseruation del genere humano, dichiarandosi tutte le qualità de gli Stati. Con Priuilegio per anni xx.‎

‎In Venetia, (colophon: Iacobo Sansovino il Giovane, 1570), 1571. Vignette to title page, decorative woodcut initials and head- and tail-pieces. [4], 86, [2], 14 leaves. 4to. Contemporary limp vellum, ties gone, spine lettered in manuscript. Adams C.1178; DBI XXII, p. 611; BMSTC Italian, p. 162; Cosenza 951; rare, NUC and RLIN record just two copies, (DLC, NsyU). First edition, rare, of this important treatise on political theory, a blueprint for constitutional reform by the Florentine diplomat and government official Bartolomeo Cavalcanti (1503-1562). Because of political differences with the Florentine government and the Medici, Cavalcanti went into voluntary exile, was in the employment of Pope Paolo III, and Henri II of France, and especially in the liberal republic of Ferrara. Cavalcanti was much praised for his theoretical writing and his political acumen, but also for his publications on rhetoric and political theory. His work was published posthumously and edited by Sebastiano Erizzo (1525-85), whose own brief treatise on civil government, here published for the first time, is bound at the end, the last 14 leaves, and which is almost always lacking, entitled: Discorso de I Governi Civili di M. Sebastiano Erizzo, gentilhuomo Venetiano. A M. Girolamo Veniero.Starting with Plato's Republic and Aristotle's Politics, Cavalcanti develops a remarkable and far-reaching analysis of the workings of the city republic, published in a democratic spirit in Venice. The treatise is of particular interest because Cavalcanti incorporates a discussion of the economic situation and workings of public administration. Cavalcanti concurs with Aristotle that the ultimate purpose of the city state is the well-being of all citizens, and the ideal form of government would be democracy. He maintains that a healthy economy is one of the prerequisites of a functioning city state. The far-reaching importance of Cavalcanti's treatise can be seen in the fact that it was reprinted a number of times, first in 1591, but then again in 1805 and in 1852. - Some mild browning, stronger on leaves 9-11, prelims and first 5 leaves with a small inkspot in lower blank margin, but in all a good copy. ‎

‎Alleggiamento dello Stato di Milano per le imposte, e loro ripartimenti. - [ONE OF THE EARLIEST PROPOSALS OF GOVERNMENT BONDS]‎

‎Milano, Nello Reg. Duc. Corte, perGio. Battista, e Giulio Cesare fratelli Maletesta Stampatori, 1653. Folio. In contemporary full vellum. Title written in contemporary hand to lower edge. A few early leaves reinforced and a 1x1 cm hole in leaf pppp2 with loss of text. Ex-libris stamp (Ghislanzoni) to lower part of title-page. Otherwise a very fine, clean and crisp copy. (56), 792, 76 pp. + the engraved frontispiece by Frederico Agnelli.‎

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‎First edition thus, being the hugely expanded second version of Cavazzi's famous fiscal analysis of the Duchy of Milan and of Lombardy in general (which had been under Spanish rule since 1559, and was to remain so until 1701), constituting one of the earliest proposals of government bonds in (what is now) Italy. Furthermore, the present work was Manzoni's main source of knowledge about the plague when writing 'Promessi Sposi' (The Betrothed).A much shorter preliminary work comprising merely 146 pp. appeared in 1647, under the same title. The present work is hugely expanded and is essentially a different work.Cavazzi here gives a thorough analysis of taxation and the general cost of public administration, which had become an exceedingly important issue for the city of Milan. Over a 25 year period, the debt of Milan had risen to uncontrollable heights and this is the first serious attempt to improve the city's economic status. Cavazzi occupies himself with duties on, among other things, salt, wine, oil, meat, flour, and horses and argues that the tax burden might be reduced through both efficiencies in spending and through raising of funds through the issue of government bonds. His proposal of government bonds predates the actual implementation, which did not happen until 1694 by the Bank of England. He furthermore proposes that the Duchy reduce the number of working licenses granted to foreigners who are not resident and refuse to accept citizenship. Carlo Girolamo Cavazzi della Somaglia (1604-1672), Italian economist and historian, wrote several other work on Milan the present being the most extensive. OCLC records just two copies outside Italy (British library and the University of Illinois).Einaudi 966‎