""Geneva / 12-15. Februar 1952"". 17 x 11,7 cm. A stamp on the back stating: ""Copyright / URS G. ARNI / REPORTER-PHOTOGRAPHIE / 15, R. CHARLES-GIRON TÉL 2.37.55 / GENÈVE"". In pencil: ""Nils Bohr / atomphysikkonferens / Geneva / 12-15. Februari 1952"". The photo depicts an elderly Bohr with a briefcase under his arm in white shirt, tie and three piece suit.
The picture shows Bohr participating in what would become one of the most important physic conferences in the second half of the 20th century. Here CERN, the European Organization for Nuclear Research, was established. Niels Bohr had been one of the central figures in the development of atomic theory in the early 20th century and was the father to the exceedingly important Copenhagen Interpretation. These merits made him the head of the theoretical division of CERN which was located in Copenhagen. ""In Geneva the representatives of 12 European governments signed the convention setting up the interim organization, which came into being on 15 February 1952 with the title of ""European Council for Nuclear Research"", called ""CERN"" for short after the initials of the French title. Belgium, Denmark, France, the German Federal Republic, Greece, Italy, the Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland and Yugoslavia were then provisionally united to carry out nuclear research. During the whole lifetime of the interim CERN, the United Kingdom remained simply an observer, although the interest shown in the project by that country soon took the shape of new ideas, the provision of consultants and gifts."" (CERN COURIER).
(Copenhagen), Munksgaard, 1953. Royal8vo. In orig. printed wrappers. Offprint from ""Studia Orientalia Ioanni Pedersen septuagenario""., pp. 385-390.
First edition. - Rosenfeld: 95.
DENOEL GONTHIER. 1964. In-12. Broché. Bon état, Couv. convenable, Dos satisfaisant, Intérieur frais. 181 pages- nombreuses annotations à l'encre sur la page de faux titre. . . . Classification Dewey : 530-Physique
COLLECTION BIBLIOTHEQUE MEDIATIONS N°18 Classification Dewey : 530-Physique
Denoël/Gonthier. 1964. In-12. Broché. Etat d'usage, Couv. légèrement passée, Dos satisfaisant, Papier jauni. 181 pages.. . . . Classification Dewey : 530-Physique
Classification Dewey : 530-Physique
Gauthier-Villars 1961 In-8 broché 24,2 cm sur 15,8. 98 pages. Dos muet. Bon état d’occasion.
Bon état d’occasion
Copenhagen., 1948. Orig. printed wrappers. 144 pp.
First edition
London, Macmillan and Co., 1928. Royal8vo. In recent full blue cloth with gilt lettering to spine. Extracted from ""Nature"", January - June, 1928, Vol. 121. Entire April 14-issue offered. Fine and clean. [Bohr:] Pp. 580-90. [Entire issue:] Pp. 561-608.
First edition of Bohr's exceedingly influential statement of his 'complementarity' principle, the basis of what became known as the 'Copenhagen interpretation' of quantum mechanics. In the paper he coined the term 'complementarity' and thereby created an entire new fundamental principle of quantum mechanics.""Immediately after Heisenberg's work on uncertainty relations, Bohr presented his concept of complementarity at a conference a Lake Como in Italy. Bohr's lecture marked the first attempt to provide a genuine philosophical underpinning to the new advances in physics. The uncertainty relations had provided Bohr a concrete measure of the consequences of the wave-particle duality and thereby a physics-based justification for the ideas he was working on. Bohr had already embraced the wave-particle duality underlying quantum theory and he presented the concept of complementarity as the fundamental feature of a new conceptual framework broad enough to include it"" (Paul McEvoy, Niels Bohr). ""For Bohr, complementarity was an almost religious belief that the paradoxes of the quantum world must be accepted as fundamental, not to be 'solved' or trivialized by attempts to find out 'what's really going on down there.' Bohr used the word in an unusual way: the 'complementarity' of waves and particles, for example (or of position and momentum), meant that when one existed fully, its complement did not exist at all"" (Louisa Gilder, The Age of Entanglement). ""The lecture was published in Nature in 1928 in a revised form It sparked significant debate in the years that followed and solidified the boundaries between those who accepted Bohr's view of the consequences of quantum theory and those who were seeking a more 'realistic' microscopic theory or a more realistic interpretation of quantum theory itself"" (McEvoy, P. 70).The paper was published almost simultaneously in English, Danish, English, French and German, the present English publication being the first.
Braunschweig und Berlin, Vieweg & Sohn, Julius Springer, 1921. Contemp. hcloth. Stamp on titlepage. In ""Zeitschrift für Physik. Hrasg. von Karl Scheel"", vol. 6., IV,416 pp. Bohr's paper: pp. 1-9. A faint dampstain in right margin.
First edition. ""...in the hands of Bohr and his school the correspondence principle was like ""a magic wand that allowed the results of the classical wave theory to be of use for the quantum theory...but a costly price had to be paid. For taking resort to classical physics in order to establish quantum-theoretic predictions, or in other words, constructing a theory whose corroboration depends on premises which conflict with the substance of the theory, is of course a serious inconsistency from the logical point of view. Being fully aware of this difficulty, Bohr attempted repeatedly to show ""the correspondence principle must be regarded purely as a law of quantum theory, which can in no way diminish the contrast between the postulates and electrodynamic theory."" The earliest allusion to such a conception may perhaps be found as early as 1921 in a paper (the paper offered) in which Bohr briefly discussed the function of the principle...""(Max Jammer).
Braunschweig und Berlin, Vieweg & Sohn, Julius Springer, 1921. 8vo. Bound in Contemporary half cloth. Stamp on title-page. In ""Zeitschrift für Physik. Hrasg. von Karl Scheel"", vol. 6. [Bohr's paper:] pp. 1-9. [Entire volume: IV, 416 pp].
First edition of this seminal contribution to the correspondence principle. ""...in the hands of Bohr and his school the correspondence principle was like ""a magic wand that allowed the results of the classical wave theory to be of use for the quantum theory...but a costly price had to be paid. For taking resort to classical physics in order to establish quantum-theoretic predictions, or in other words, constructing a theory whose corroboration depends on premises which conflict with the substance of the theory, is of course a serious inconsistency from the logical point of view. Being fully aware of this difficulty, Bohr attempted repeatedly to show ""the correspondence principle must be regarded purely as a law of quantum theory, which can in no way diminish the contrast between the postulates and electrodynamic theory."" The earliest allusion to such a conception may perhaps be found as early as 1921 in a paper (the paper offered) in which Bohr briefly discussed the function of the principle...""(Max Jammer).The volume contains paper by famous phycisists such as E. Brody, H. Pauli, M. Born, W. Pauli Jr. and many others.
Braunschweig und Berlin, Vieweg & Sohn, Julius Springer, 1921. 8vo. Bound in contemporary half cloth. Crossed out stamp on title-page. In ""Zeitschrift für Physik. Hrasg. von Karl Scheel"", vol. 6. Entire volume offered. [Bohr's paper:] pp. 1-9. [Entire volume: IV, 416 pp].
First edition of this seminal contribution to the correspondence principle. ""...in the hands of Bohr and his school the correspondence principle was like ""a magic wand that allowed the results of the classical wave theory to be of use for the quantum theory...but a costly price had to be paid. For taking resort to classical physics in order to establish quantum-theoretic predictions, or in other words, constructing a theory whose corroboration depends on premises which conflict with the substance of the theory, is of course a serious inconsistency from the logical point of view. Being fully aware of this difficulty, Bohr attempted repeatedly to show ""the correspondence principle must be regarded purely as a law of quantum theory, which can in no way diminish the contrast between the postulates and electrodynamic theory."" The earliest allusion to such a conception may perhaps be found as early as 1921 in a paper (the paper offered) in which Bohr briefly discussed the function of the principle...""(Jammer).The volume contains paper by famous phycisists such as E. Brody, H. Pauli, M. Born, W. Pauli Jr. and many others.
Berlin, Julius Springer, 1924. Uncut in orig. printed wrappers. 60 pp.
First German edition of Bohr's Nobel Prize Lecture. It is translated by W. Pauli Jr. after the Danish original ""Om Atomernes Bygning, Nobelforedrag."" - Rosenfeld No 26.
Braunschweig u. Berlin, Vieweg & Sohn, Julius Springer, 1923. Contemp. hcloth. A nick in middle of spine, otherwise fine. Stamp on titlepage. In ""Zeitschrift für Physik. Hrsg. von Karl Scheel"", BD. 13. IV,406 pp. Bohr's paper: pp. 117-165.
First edition. As Bohr in his 1918 paper (The quantum theory of line spectra) had discussed the expectation that there was a necessary connection between the classical and the future theory in the limit of large quantum numbers, and in a later paper (1920) named it ""Korrespondenzprincip"" (Principle of Correspondance), Bohr now in the paper offered discussed again the fundamental principles of Quantum Theory in connection with the Principle of Correspondence.Rosenfeld No 29.
Berlin, Springer, 1923. 8vo. In contemporary half cloth with gilt lettering. In ""Zeitschrift für Physik"" Bd. 13 & 14, 1923. Entire volumes offered, bound in one. Stamp to front free end paper, otherwise a fine and clean copy. Pp. 237-255. [Entire volume: V, (1) 426 pp.].
First edition. As Bohr in his 1918 paper (The quantum theory of line spectra) had discussed the expectation that there was a necessary connection between the classical and the future theory in the limit of large quantum numbers, and in a later paper (1920) named it ""Korrespondenzprincip"" (Principle of Correspondance), Bohr now in the paper offered discussed again the fundamental principles of Quantum Theory in connection with the Principle of Correspondence.Rosenfeld No 29.Also in the volume is Born & Heisenberg's paper, ""Über Phasenbeziehungen bei den Bohrschen Modellen von Atomen und Molekeln"", on Bohr's atomic model, being a part of Heisenberg's Habilitation, which he completed under Born in 1924 in Göttingen.Cassidy 1923a.
Berlin, P. Stankiewicz, (forword dated 1884). 8vo. Publishers blind stamped cloth. With RUBBER STAMP of NIELS BOHR and HANDWRITTEN SIGNATURE of CHRISTIAN. XVI,173,(1),(2) pp.
From the library of physicist Niels Bohr and his father Christian Bohr.
"BOHR, NIELS AND F. KALCKAR. - THE LIQUID DROP MODEL OF BOHR INTRODUCED.
Reference : 48816
(1937)
Copenhagen, Levin & Munksgaard,1937. 8vo. Uncut in orig. printed wrappers. In: ""Det KGL. Danske Videnskabernes Selskab. Mathematisk-fysiske Meddelelser. XIV,10"". 40 pp. Fine and clean.
First edition of the work in which Bohr introduced his famous Liquid Drop Model of the atom in order to interprete the nuclear structure. (The paper was not continued as Kalckar died the following year).""It had, of course, been clear to Bohr that analogies with atomic spectra could not be of help in interpreting his (earlier) picture of nuclear structure. Peripheral electrons, thinly spread within the atomic volume, can be compared to a dilute gas of particles interacting in pairs only. By contrast Bohr's picture of intranuclear motions of tightly bound nucleons should show 'essential collective aspects', he said. Now, together with Kalckar, he suggested that for nuclei a much more proper comparison would be with a drop of liquid. That analogy should not be taken too literally, the dynamics of a true liquid drop is vastly different from thta of nucleai. Yet the comparison, treated cautiously, was tempting and in the event proved fruitful in many respects, particularly in regard to collective motions.""(Pais ""Niels Bohr's Times"", pp. 339-40).""In the liquid drop model, formulated by Niels Bohr, the nucleons are imagined to interact strongly with each other, like the molecules in a drop of liquid. A given nucleon collides frequently with other nucleons in the nuclear interior, its mean free path as it moves about being substantially less than the nuclear radius. This constant ""jiggling around"" reminds us of the thermal agitation of the molecules in a drop of liquid. The liquid drop model permits us to correlate many facts about nuclear masses and binding energies"" it is useful in explaining nuclear fission. It also provides a useful model for understanding a large class of nuclear reactions."" (FAQ).Rosenfeld No 56.
Paris, Hermann et Cie, 1938. Orig. printed wrappers. VIII,527 pp.
With original contributions by Bohr (Mechanique nucleaire), I.P. Debye, Raman, Polanyi, Bothe, Perrin, Blackett and others.
Braunschweig, Berlin, Vieweg & Sohn u. Julius Springer, 1924. 8vo. Bound in contemporary halfcloth. In ""Zeitschrift für Physik"", Bd. 24. (Entire volume offered). A stamp on titlepage otherwise fine and clean. Pp.69-87. [Entire volume: IV,412 pp].
First apperance (simultaneously printed in Philosophical Magazine) of a fundamental paper in the development of the Quantum Theory, as it here was set forth three fundamental ideas: 1. Slater's idea of 'a Virtual radiation field', 2. statistical conservation of energy and momentum, and 3. statistical independence of the processes of emission and absorption in distant atoms. (See Van der Waerden ""Sources of Quantum Mechanics"" No. 5).""In an effort to reconcile the particulate and wavelike properties of radiation, Bohr, Kramers, and Slater in 1924 formulated a new quantum theory of radiation. According to their hypothesis, momentum and energy-are conserved only statistically in interactions between radiation and matter."" (DSB).The present paper became a great influence to Bothe and his Compton collisions and the Coincidence method which eventually resulted in him being awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics.
Braunschweig, Berlin, Vieweg & Sohn u. Julius Springer, 1924. 8vo. Bound in contemporary halfcloth. In ""Zeitschrift für Physik"", Bd. 23 & 24. (Entire volume offered). No stamps, not an ex library copy. Fine and clean. Pp.69-87. [Entire volume: IV,412 pp].
First apperance (simultaneously printed in Philosophical Magazine) of a fundamental paper in the development of the Quantum Theory. Three fundamental ideas were set forth here: 1. Slater's idea of 'a Virtual radiation field', 2. statistical conservation of energy and momentum, and 3. statistical independence of the processes of emission and absorption in distant atoms. (See Van der Waerden ""Sources of Quantum Mechanics"" No. 5).""In an effort to reconcile the particulate and wavelike properties of radiation, Bohr, Kramers, and Slater in 1924 formulated a new quantum theory of radiation. According to their hypothesis, momentum and energy-are conserved only statistically in interactions between radiation and matter."".The present paper became a great influence to Bothe and his Compton collisions and the Coincidence method which eventually resulted in him being awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics.
"[BOHR, NIELS (+) H. B. G. CASIMIR (+) L. ROSENFELD (+) A. PAIS (+) W. HEISENBERG (+) D. H. PERKINS (+) H. ALFVÉN et al].
Reference : 51307
(1952)
Copenhagen, Institute for Theoretical Physics, 1952. 4to. In the original grey stapled printed wrappers. Stenciled. ""52.15"" wirtten in top right corner of front wrapper. Very fine and clean. 65 pp.
Rare stenciled report on the major international physics conference held in Copenhagen, 1952, sponsored by the Council of Representatives of European States ""for planning an international laboratory and organizing other forms of co-operation in nuclear research"" (From the introduction in the present report by Niels Bohr). This laid much of the technical foundation for the CERN-acceleration built two years later. ""[…] an international nuclear physics conference was held in Copenhagen"" on that occasion the type of accelerator to be built as the main goal of the new European organization was amply discussed. A report on the conclusions reached by the participants was presented by Heisenberg to the Council which held its Second Meeting in Copenhagen immediately after the Conference. Thus the decision was taken that the Proton-Synchrotron Group should explore the possibility of constructing a 10 GeV proton-synchrotron which, at that time, represented the biggest machine in the world."" (Amaldi, 20th Century Physics, Essays and Recollections).
London, Taylor & Francis, 1913. 8vo. Bound in one nice contemporary half calf binding with gilt leather title-label to spine. Published in ""The London, Edinburgh, and Dublin Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science"", Vol. 26. No. 151-156 offered. Small repair to spine and blind stamped to lower part of title page. Front hindge a bit loose. A fine copy. The Bohr papers: pp. 1-25" pp. 476-502 pp. 857-875. [Moseley:] Pp. 1024-1034. [Entire volume: VIII, 1064 pp.+ 24 plates].
First edition of Bohr's seminal main work, which constitutes the departure from classical theories to the birth of modern atomic physics" by incorporating Planck's quantum postulate it became possible to calculate the wavelength of the hydrogen emission and thus to explain the regularity of the Balmer-lines. In 1922 Bohr was awarded the Nobel Prize ""for his services in the investigation of the structure of atoms and of the radiation emanating from them"".""Bohr's three-part paper postulated the existence of stationary states of an atomic system whose behavior could be described using classical mechanics, while the transition of the system from one stationary state to another would represent a non-classical process accompanied by emission or absorption of one quantum of homogeneous radiation, the frequency of which was related to its energy by Planck's equation"" (Norman).In his previous paper (""On the Theory of Decrease of Velocity of Moving Electrified Particles on passing through Matter"") Bohr had adopted Rutherford's nuclear model of the atom, and had become convinced that it was the peripherical electrons that determined the chemical properties of an element, whereas the nucleus determine the radioactive properties. However, Rutherford's model had an apparent explanatory problem: Why were the negatively charged electrons held away from the positive nucleus? In his doctorial dissertation on the electron theory of metals, Bohr had clarified the limitations of this theory, in particular its ability to explain magnetic properties, and he had shown how this arose from the classical nature of some of its foundations. Bohr strongly expected that the key to solving this problem was to be found in some way of introducing Planck's law of quantum action.In the beginning of 1913 Bohr heard about Rydberg's remarkable discovery in spectroscopy. Rydberg's formula could represent the frequencies of the lines of the hydrogen spectrum in the simplest form in terms of two integers. As soon as Bohr saw this formula, he immediately recognized that it gave him the missing clue to the correct way to introduce Planck's law of quantum of action into the description of the atomic systems. The rest of the academic year was spent reconstructing the whole theory upon the new foundation and expounding it in a large treatise, which was immediately published as these three papers in the 'Philosophical Magazine'. It was in these papers that Bohr first gave his postulates of the orbital structure of the electrons and their quantized radiation.Bohr's atomic theory inaugurated two of the most adventurous decades in the history of science. Bohr introduced the following postulates: 1. An electron can revolve about its nucleus only in certain special circular orbits. 2. The ordinary electron revolves about its nucleus in an invariable orbit, without radiating or absorbing energy. 3. Radiation takes place when and only when the electron falls from an orbit with greater energy to one of less energy.""In his great papers of 1913, Bohr presented his theory as being founded upon two postulates, whose formulation he refined in later papers. The first postulate enunciates the existence of stationary states of an atomic system, the behavior of which may be described in terms of classical mechanics" the second postulate states that the transition of the system from one stationary state to another is a nonclassical process, accompanied by the emission or absorption of one quantum of homogeneous radiation, whose frequency is connected with its energy by Planck's equation. As for the principle by which the possible stationary states are selected, Bohr was still very far from a general formulation" indeed, he was keenly aware of the necessity of extending the investigation to configurations other than the simple ones to which he had restricted himself. The search for sufficiently general quantum conditions defining the stationary states of atomic systems was going to be a major problem in the following period of development of the theory."" (DSB).Also contained in the volume is Henry Moseley's famous paper ""The High-Frequency Spectra of the Elements"" in which he ""used the method of X-ray spectroscopy devised by Braggs to calculate variations in the wave length of the rays emitted by each element. These he was able to arrange in a series according to the nuclear charge of each element. [...] It was now possible to base the periodic table on a firm foundation, and to state with confidence that the number of elements up to uranium is limited to 92."" (PMM 407).PMM 411Rosenfeld, Bohr Bibliography No. 6.
Copenhagen, 1954. Matematisk-fysisk Meddelelser, volume 28, no. 7. Completely fresh and unopend copy. 31 pp.
Rosenfeld no. 96.
"BOHR, NIELS. & LÉON ROSENFELD. + LEV LANDAU & RUDOLF PEIERLS.
Reference : 35750
(1933)
Copenhagen, Levin & Munksgaard, 1933. + Berlin, Springer 1931. + Lancaster, American Physical Society, 1950. First paper: Published as no. 8 of vol. 12 in 'Kgl. Dankse Vid. Selsk. Math.-Fys. Medd.'. 8vo. Original printed wrappers. With the ownership signature of Danish physicist Mogens Pihl (Prof. of physics at Copenhagen University 1957-77). 65,(1) pp. Second paper: Published in 'Zeitschrift für Physik', vol. 69, pp.56-69. The entire volume in contemporary half cloth offered here.Third paper: Published in 'The Physical Review', vol. 78, no. 6, pp.794-798. The entire issue in original printed wrappers offered here. With rubber stamp of Danish physicist Christian Møller (Author of ""The Theory of Relativity, 1952"").
First editions of these fundamental papers in the development of quantum field theory. The process of measuring electromagnetic fields involves the observation of charged test bodies in those fields. Therefore the theory of electrodynamics is an inseparable extension of mechanics. A quantum theory of fields thus inherits, in some form, the limitations of measurement which lie at the foundation of quantum mechanics. In 1931 Landau and Peierls published a critical analysis of the consequences of such limitations in a relativistic quantum theory of fields (second paper offered). Landau and Peierls came to the negative conclusion that in several cases, the concept of momentum was without physical meaning and quantities such as the strength of a field was un-measurable. In their famous paper from 1933 Bohr and Rosenfeld (first paper offered) carefully reviewed the arguments of Landau and Peierls and showed, through the use of particular measuring arrangements, that a consistent quantum theory of fields is possible without further limitations than the ones which secure the consistency of quantum mechanics. The BR-paper is often credited with having laid the foundation for quantum electrodynamics. Bohr continued his work in this field, and in 1937 he completed a manuscript entitled ""Field and Charge Measurement in Quantum Theory"", but this was never published. When, in the late 1940s the important work on QED by Tomonaga, Schwinger, Dyson, and Feynman appeared in The Physical Review, Bohr and Rosenfeld again joined and published the essentials of the 1937 manuscript in the same journal (third paper offered).See Abraham Pais: Bohr's Times, pp.358-364. Mehra & Rechenberg: The Historical Development of Quantum Theory, vol. 6, pp.697-703. Collected Works of Niels Bohr, vol. 7, pp.3-33.
New York, American Institute of Physics, 1963. 4to. Orig. printed wrappers. 132 pp. Illustrated. Containing memorial papers by J. Rud Nielsen, Felix Bloch, Aage Bohr, John A. Wheeler, L. Rosenfeld and V.F. Weiskopf.
Braunschweig, Vieweg & Sohn, 1920. Contemp. Hcloth. Stamp on titlepage. In ""Zeitschrift für Physik"", Bd. 2. IV,478 pp. (Entire volume offered). Bohr's paper: pp. 423-469. A very faint dampstain to right margins.
First edition of this fundamental paper in which Bohr for the first time gives name to a theory, which was for the first time used in his work ""The quantum theory of line Spectra"" from 1918, but now for the first time called ""Korrespondenzprincip"" (The Principle of Correspondence) and explained in the offered paper. The principle was introduced ""in order to obtain the necessary relation to the ordinary theory of radiation in the limit of slow vibrations we are therefore led directlyto certain conclusions about the probability of transition between two stationary states in this limit."".The ""Principle of Correspondence"" is the physical priciple that the behaviour of atomic and other systems should approximate to that predicted by classical physics in certain specific circumstances where quantum effects are expected to be unimportent. Bohr used the principle to explain his theory of the hydrogen atom, which among other things successfully predicted many features of the spectrum of light emitted by energetic hydrogen atoms. The principle formed an importent component of the early quantum theory of Bohr, Sommerfeld and others.Betty Schultz: 17.
Braunschweig u. Berlin, Vieweg & Sohn, Julius Springer, 1923. Contemp. hcloth. . Stamp on titlepage. In ""Zeitschrift für Physik. Hrsg. von Karl Scheel"", Bd. 13. IV,406 pp. Bohr's paper: pp. 117-165. Clean and fine.
First edition. As Bohr in his 1918 paper (The quantum theory of line spectra) had discussed the expectation that there was a necessary connection between the classical and the future theory in the limit of large quantum numbers, and in a later paper (1920) named it ""Korrespondenzprincip"" (Principle of Correspondance), Bohr now in the paper offered discussed again the fundamental principles of Quantum Theory in connection with the Principle of Correspondence.Rosenfeld No 29.