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LAMBERT CHARLES
LE SYSTEME DU MONDE MORAL
Michel Lévy Frères, Paris. 1862. In-8. Relié. Etat d'usage, Couv. défraîchie, Coiffe en pied abîmée, Mouillures. 460 pages. Plats de l'ouvrage broché conservés. Titre doré sur le dos. Etiquette de code sur la couverture. Quelques tampons de bibliothèque.. . . . Classification Dewey : 100-PHILOSOPHIE ET DISCIPLINES CONNEXES
Reference : RO40251403
Le mécanisme organique. La Force animale. Le mécanique intellectuel. La Force morale. Classification Dewey : 100-PHILOSOPHIE ET DISCIPLINES CONNEXES
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5 book(s) with the same title
Systeme de la Nature ou Des Loix du Monde Physique & du Monde Moral. 2 vols. - [""MAN IS OF ALL BEINGS THE MOST NECESSARY TO MAN""]
London, 1774. 8vo. 2 volumes uniformly bound in contemporary half calf with gilt ornamentation to spine. Spines with wear of boards miscoloured. Internally fine and clean. (16) 397 pp."" (4), 500, (3) pp. Wanting the frontispiece.
Later edition, published four years after the original, comprising ""The System of Nature"" - one of the most important works of natural philosophy ever written and the work that is considered the main work of materialism - and ""The Social System"", being d'Holbach's seminal ""social"" and political continuation of that groundbreaking work. D'Holbach (1723-1789), who was raised by a wealthy uncle, whom he inherited, together with his title of Baron, in 1753, maintained one of the most famous salons in Paris. This salon became the social and intellectual centre for the Encyclopédie, which was edited by Diderot and d'Alembert, whom he became closely connected with. D'Holbach himself also contributed decisively to the Encyclopédie, with at least 400 signed contributions, and probably as many unsigned, between 1752 and 1765. The ""Côterie holbachique"" or ""the café of Europe"", as the salon was known, attracted the most brilliant scientists, philosophers, writers and artists of the time (e.g. Diderot, d'Alembert, Helvetius, Voltaire, Hume, Sterne etc, etc.), and it became one of the most important gathering-places for the exchange of philosophical, scientific and political views under the ""ancient régime"". Apart from developing several foundational theories of seminal scientific and philosophical value, D'Holbach became known as one of the most skilled propagators and popularizers of scientific and philosophical ideas, promoting scientific progress and spreading philosophical ideas in a new and highly effective manner. As the theories of d'Holbach's two systematic works were at least as anticlerical and unaccepted as those of his smaller tracts, and on top of that so well presented and so convincing, it would have been dangerous for him to print any of them under his own name, and even under the name of the city or printer. Thus, ""Systême de la Nature"" appeared pseudonomously under the name of the secretary of the Académie Francaise, J.B. Mirabaud, who had died 10 years earlier, and under a fictive place of printing, namely London instead of Amsterdam. ""He could not publish safely under his own name, but had the ingenious idea of using the names of recently dead French authors. Thus, in 1770, his most famous book, ""The System of Nature"", appeared under the name Jean-Baptiste Mirabaud"" (PMM 215), and so the next ""System"" also appeared in the same manner three years later. D'Holbach was himself the most audacious philosophe of this circle. During the 1760's he caused numerous anticlerical tracts (written in large, but not entirely, by himself) to be clandestinely printed abroad and illegally circulated in France. His philosophical masterpiece, the ""Système de la nature, ou des lois du monde physique et du monde moral"", a methodological and intransigent affirmation of materialism and atheism, appeared anonymously in 1770"" (D.S.B. VI:468), as did the social and political follow-up of it, the famous ""Systême social"" in 1773. That is to say, Mirabeau whom he had used as the author on the ""System of Nature"" in 1770 is not mentioned in the ""Social System"", on the title-page of which is merely stated ""By the Author of ""Systême de la Nature"". In his main work, the monumental ""Système de la Nature"", d'Holbach presented that which was to become one of the most influential philosophical theories of the time, combined with and based on a complex of advanced scientific thought. He postulated materialism, and that on the basis of science and empiricism, on the basis of his elaborate picture of the universe as a self-created and self-creating entity that is constituted by material elements that each possess specific energies. He concludes, on the basis of empiricism and the positive truths that the science of his time had attained, that ideas such as God, immortality, creation etc. must be either contradictory or futile, and as such, his materialism naturally also propounded atheism"" his theory of the universe showed that nature is the product of matter (eternally in motion and arranged in accordance with mechanical laws), and that reality is nothing but nature. Thus, having in his ""Systême de la Nature"" presented philosophical materialism in an actual system for the first time and having created a work that dared unite the essence of all the essential material of the English and French Enlightenment and incorporate it into a closed materialistic system, d'Holbach had provided the modern world with a moral and ethic philosophy, the effects of which were tremendous. It is this materialism and atheism that he continues three years later in his next systematic work ""Systême social"", through which politics, morality, and sociology are also incorporated into his system and take the place of the Christianity that he had so fiercely attacked earlier on. In this great work he extends his ethical views to the state and continues the description of human interest from ""Systême de la Nature"" by developing a notion of the just state (by d'Holbach called ""ethocracy"") that is to secure general welfare. ""Système social (1773"" ""Social System"") placed morality and politics in a utilitarian framework wherein duty became prudent self-interest."" (Encyclopaedia Brittanica). ""Holbach's foundational view is that the most valuable thing a person seeking self-preservation can do is to unite with another person: ""Man is of all beings the most necessary to man"" (Sysème social, 76"" cf. Spinoza's Ethics IVP35C1, C2, and S). Society, when it is just, unites for the common purpose of preservation and the securing of welfare, and society contracts with government for this purpose."" (SEP). Both works had a sensational impact. For the first time, philosophical materialism is presented in an actual system, and with the second of them, this system also comprised politics and sociology, a fact which became essential to the influence and spreading of this atheistic scientific-philosophical strand. The effects of the works were tremendous, and the consequences of their success were immeasurable, thus, already in the years of publication, both works were confiscated. The ""Système de la Nature"" was condemned to burning by the Parisian parliament in the year of its publication"" the ""Système social"" was on the list of books to be confiscated already in 1773, and it was placed on the Index of the Church in August 1775. Both works are thus scarce. In spite of their condemnation, and in spite of the reluctance of contemporary writers to acknowledge the works as dangerous (as Goethe said in ""Dichtung und Wahrheit"": ""Wir begriffen nicht, wie ein solches Buch gefährlich sein könnte. Es kam uns so grau, so todtenhaft vor""), the ""Systems"" and d'Holbach's materialism continued its influence on philosophic, political and scientific thought. In fact, it was this materialism that for Marx became the social basis of communism. ""In the ""Système"" Holbach rejected the Cartesian mind-body dualism and attempted to explain all phenomena, physical and mental, in terms of matter in motion. He derived the moral and intellectual faculties from man's sensibility to impressions made by the external world, and saw human actions as entirely determined by pleasure and pain. He continued his direct attack on religion by attempting to show that it derived entirely from habit and custom. But the Systeme was not a negative or destructive book: Holbach rejected religion because he saw it as a wholly harmful influence, and he tried to supply a more desirable alternative. ""(Printing and the Mind of Man, 215). ""In keeping with such a naturalistic conception of tings, d'Holbach outlined an anticreationalist cosmology and a nondiluvian geology. He proposed a transformistic hypothesis regarding the origins of the animal species, including man, and described the successive changes, or new emergences, of organic beings as a function of ecology, that is, of the geological transformation of the earth itself and of its life-sustaining environment. While all this remained admittedly on the level of vague conjecture, the relative originality and long-term promise of such a hypothesis -which had previously been broached only by maillet, Maupertuis, and Diderot- were of genuine importance to the history of science. Furthermore, inasmuch as the principles of d'Holbach's mechanistic philosophy ruled out any fundamental distinction between living an nonliving aggregates of matter, his biology took basic issue with both the animism and the vitalism current among his contemporaries...This closely knit scheme of theories and hypotheses served not merely to liberate eighteenth-century science from various theological and metaphysical empediments, but it also anticipated several of the major directions in which more than one science was later to evolve. Notwithstanding suchprecursors as Hobbes, La Mttrie, and Diderot, d'Holbach was perhaps the first to argue unequivocally and uncompromisingly that the only philosophical attitude consistent with modern science must be at once naturalistic and antisupernatural."" (D.S.B. VI:469).
Système de la nature ou des lois du monde physique et du monde moral.
Londres, sans nom, 1770. 2 volumes in-8 de [10]-370-[6] et [4]-412 pages, demi-basane brune, dos lisses ornés, pièces de titre et tomaison noires, épidermures, coupes frottées, intérieur taché.2 in-8 volumes of [10]-370-[6] and [4]-412 pages, half brown sheepskin, smooth decorated back, black title and volume number labels, scratches, rubbed cuts, stained interior.
Edition originale de première émission, bien complet des feuillets d'errata. D'Holbach publie son livre sous le nom de Jean-Baptiste Mirabaud, secrétaire perpétuel de l'Académie française, décédé en 1760. D’Holbach place l’homme raisonnable au centre de tout et base sa philosophie sur la nature. Son but est de détacher la morale de tout principe religieux pour la déduire des seuls principes naturels. Dans sa synthèse, Système de la nature, il développe une position matérialiste, fataliste et surtout ouvertement athée, contre toute conception religieuse ou déiste. La publication de son Système de la nature eut un énorme retentissement : le gouvernement le défère au Parlement qui condamne le livre, le 18 août 1770, à être brûlé au pied du grand escalier du palais. Et l'ouvrage fut mis à l'Index dès sa sortie, par un décret du Saint-Office du neuf novembre 1770. Bien que notre exemplaire ne soit pas en parfaite condition il est assez amusant de constater que cette "bible" du matérialisme a figurée dans la bibliothèque d'un couvent de l'ordre des Carmes déchaux, avec la mention manuscrite: Ex. prohibitis. Amen!First edition of first issue, complete with errata sheets. D'Holbach publishes his book under the name of Jean-Baptiste Mirabaud, perpetual secretary of the French Academy, who died in 1760. D’Holbach places the reasonable man at the center of everything and bases his philosophy on nature. Its purpose is to detach morality from any religious principle in order to deduce it from natural principles alone. In his synthesis, Système de la nature, he develops a materialist, fatalistic and above all openly atheist position, against any religious or deist conception. The publication of his Système de la nature had a huge impact: the government deferred it to Parliament which condemns the book, August 18, 1770, to be burned. And the work was put on the Index as soon as it was published, by a decree of the Holy Office of November 9, 1770. Although our copy is not in perfect condition it is quite amusing to note that this "bible" of materialism belonged to the library of a convent of the order of Discalced Carmelites, with the handwritten mention: Ex. prohibitis. Amen!!
MIRABAUD Jean-Baptiste - (HOLBACH Paul Henri Dietrich baron d'.).
Reference : 11433
(1780)
Système de la nature, ou des loix du monde physique et du monde moral, par M. Mirabaud…
1780 Londres, 1780; 2 volumes in-8 de (XII) - 47 - (1) -371pp.; (4) - II - 464pp. Pleine basane marbrée ocre, dos lisse orné de petites palettes et larges fleurons dorés, titre doré sur pièce rose, tomaison doré et ornée sur pièce verte, tranches jaunes.Le feuillet de table du tome I (pp.XI-XII) a été relié avant les pages V à X, le papier de plusieurs cahiers a fortement jaunis, exemplaire très bien relié (petites épidermures).
Le tome 1 renferme, précédant le Système de la Nature : " Sentiment de Voltaire sur le système de la nature", " Sur le livre des trois imposteurs", " Dialogue de Logomagos et Dondindac". J. B. Mirabaud fut un homme de lettres et philosophe, traducteur de la "Jérusalem délivrée" du Tasse il fut élu membre de l'Académie française en 1726. On lui a attribué autrefois, à tord, le présent ouvrage le Système qui est l'oeuvre de Paul Henri Dietrich baron d' Holbach (1723-1789), célèbre ouvrage auquel participa peut-être Diderot et qui défend les principes fondamentaux du matérialisme et du déterminisme des lois naturelles contre l'existence de l'âme et ou de Dieu. ( Cf BNF)
Jean-Baptiste de MIRABAUD et Paul Henri Dietrich Baron d'HOLBACH + HELVETIUS
Reference : 35411
(1774)
Systeme de la nature ou Des Loix du monde Physique et du monde moral - [Ensemble] - Le vrai sens du systême de la nature - Ouvrage posthume de M. Helvetius -
1774 Londres - [Amsterdam] - [Marc Michel Rey] - 1774 - Complet des 2 tomes et de l'ouvrage d'Helvetius en un volume in8 de (14) - 397 - (4) - 500 - (4) - 84 - (3) pages - Reliure pleine basane d'époque - dos cinq nerfs orné - coins émoussés - tranches frottées - accrocs aux coiffes - mouillures anciennes en angle supérieur droit de 81 pages environs -
Rare réunion avec l'ouvrage d'Helvétius en édition originale - Le magasin est fermé jusqu'au 6 avril - Nous verrons vos commandes ensuite - Merci -
Système de la nature ou Des loix du monde Physique & du monde Moral. Par M. Mirabaud, Secrétaire perpétuel, l'un des Quarante de l'Académie Française. Nouvelle édition.
Londres, 1775 2 volumes in-8 de 400pp., 2 ff. bl. (pagination fautive des pp. 81 à 96) - 448pp., 2 ff. bl., maroquin rouge, triple filet doré d'encadrement sur les plats, fleurons aux angles, dos lisses ornés de caissons de fleurons dorés, pièces de titre et de tomaison de maroquin citron, tranches dorées (reliures de l'époque).
"Belle édition, sur papier vergé, du brûlot matérialiste qui scandalisa même les Lumières: l'ouvrage, près de cinq ans après sa première parution, donna lieu en cette année 1775 à de nouvelles réfutations de divers auteurs tandis que sa ""suite"" appliquée au domaine politique, Système social ou Principes naturels de la morale, venait le rejoindre à l'index. Paul Thiry, baron d'Holbach (1723-1789) est originaire du Palatinat. Fortuné et parfait gentilhomme parisien, il contribua activement à l'Encyclopédie. Mais c'est sous un nom d'emprunt -celui de Jean-Baptiste Mirabaud, mort dix ans plus tôt et donc peu susceptible d'être inquiété!- et en Hollande qu'il fait imprimer les thèses de sa bible matérialiste. Le remous est considérable et le livre aussitôt condamné au feu. Selon le mot de Robert Mortier (Diderot et son temps, 162), il s'agit de la synthèse la plus considérable du matérialisme, en même temps que le procès de l'absolutisme. Dix éditions se succédèrent rapidement. L'ouvrage choqua même les philosophes amis, y compris Voltaire qui le dénigrera ainsi : C'est l'athéisme mis à la portée des femmes de chambre et des perruquiers. Pourtant, commentant l'usurpation d'identité commise par Holbach, l'ermite de Ferney eut un mot qui laisse deviner qu'il était en fait très conscient de la réelle qualité de l'ouvrage: Hélas! notre bon Mirabaud n'était pas capable d'écrire une page du livre de notre redoutable adversaire! Très bel exemplaire en maroquin du temps. Carter et Muir, Printing and the Mind of Man, n°215."
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