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‎FARADAY, MICHAEL. .- THE ORIGIN OF THE ELECTROMAGNETIC THEORY OF LIGHT.‎

Reference : 42292

(1852)

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‎Experimental Researches in Electricity. - Twenty-eight Series. 36. On the Lines of Magnetic Force their definite character" and their distribution within a Magnet and through Space. (Sections 3070-3176). Recieved October 22, - Read November 27 and ...‎

‎(London, Richard Taylor and William Francis, 1852). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" 1852 - Part I. Pp. 25-56, textillustr. Clean and fine.‎

‎First appearance of a historical paper in electromagnetical theory. Faraday in this paper defines his key concept ""lines of force"" and summarizes in what connections he used it and he shows how it explains the pehenomena of magnetism and electricity. His insistance of the importence of the electromagnetic fields of force was the historical starting point of the electrical side of modern theories of field physics. Maxwell later translated these ideas into mathematical form, and developed them into his theory of electromagnetic waves.Especially notable in this paper is: As all space is permeated by lines of force, Faraday suggests that light and radiant heat might be tranverse vibrations propagated along these lines of force. In this way he proposed to ""dismiss the aether"" and to replace it by lines of force between centres, the centres together with their lines of force constituting the particles of material substance. If the existance of a luminiferous aether were to be admitted he suggests that it might be the vehicle of magnetic force ""for it is not at all unlikely that if there be an aether, it should have other uses than simply the conveyance of radiations"" (section 3075 in this paper offered). This sentece may be regarded as THE ORIGIN OF THE ELECTROMAGNETIC THEORY OF LIGHT (Whittaker in: A History of the theories of the Aether and Electricity, I: pp. 194-95).From 1831 to 1852 Michael Faraday published his ""Experimental Researches in Electricity"" in The Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society. These papers contain not only an impressive series of experimental discoveries, but also a collection of heterodox theoretical concepts on the nature of these phenomena expressed in terms of lines of forces and fields. He published 30 papers in all under this general title.They represents Faraday's most importent work, are classics in both chemistry and physics and are the experimental foundations for Maxwell's electro-magnetic theory of light, using Faraday's concepts of lines of force or tubes of magnetic and electrical forces. His many experiments on the effects of electricity and magnetism presented in these papers lead to the fundamental discoveries of 'induced electricity' (the Farday current), the electronic state of matter, the identity of electricity from different sources, equivalents in electro-chemical decomposition, electrostatic induction, hydro-electricity, diamagnetism, relation of gravity to electricity, atmospheric magnetism and many other.""Among experimental philosophers Faraday holds by universal consent the foremost place. The memoirs in which his discoveries are enshrined will never ceaseto be read with admiration and delight"" and future generations will preserve with an affection not less enduring the personal records and familiar letters, which recall the memory of his humble and unselfish spirit.""(Edmund Whittaker in A History of the Theories of Aether and Electricity).‎

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‎"BERZELIUS, J. (JÖNS JACOB). - INTRODUCING CATALYSIS AND CATALYTIC FORCE, A NEW CHEMICAL POWER.‎

Reference : 44894

(1836)

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‎Quelques Idées sur une nouvelle Force agissant dans les Combinaisons des Corps Organiques.‎

‎Paris, Crochard, 1836. No wrappers. In: ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique, Par MM. Gay-Lussac et Arago."", 2e Series, tome 61, Cahier 2. Pp. 113-224. (entire issue offered). Berzelius's paper: pp. 146-151. With titlepage to Tome 61.‎

‎First French edition of this importent paper in the history of chemistry in which Berzelius advanced the concept of 'Catalysis', and described inorganic reactions by way of metals and the biological reactions by enzymes. The paper on Catalysis was first published in his ""Årsberättelse"" (Annual Survey) in 1835. - Axel Holmberg 1836:14. - Partington IV, pp. 263-64""This is a new force in inorganic and organic nature, bringing into being chemical activity, and more widely distributed than has hitherto been thought, the naure of which is completely concealed. If I all it a new force it is not my meaning that it is independent of the electrochemical relations of matter, but on the contrary I can only assume that it is a special kind of manifestation of these. So long as its nature and relations are unknown it will be convenient to considerit a new force, and to give it a name.""(Berzelius).Parkinson ""Breakthroughs"", 1836 C.The issue contains furthermore two importent papers by the founder of modern organic cemeistry, Auguste Laurent ""Sur l'Acide Naphtalique et ses Combinaisons"", pp. 113-125 and ""Théorie des Combinaisons Organiques"", pp. 125-151.Laurent: A founder of modern organic chemistry, Laurent was one of the most important chemists of the nineteenth century.‎

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‎"BERZELIUS, J. (JÖNS JACOB). - INTRODUCING CATALYSIS AND CATALYTIC FORCE, A NEW CHEMICAL POWER.‎

Reference : 49288

(1836)

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‎Quelques Idées sur une nouvelle Force agissant dans les Combinaisons des Corps Organiques.‎

‎Paris, Crochard, 1836. Berzelius's paper: pp. 146-151. Some browning to the first and last leaves. Some scattered brownspots.‎

‎First French edition of this importent paper in the history of chemistry in which Berzelius advanced the concept of 'Catalysis', and described inorganic reactions by way of metals and the biological reactions by enzymes. The paper on Catalysis was first published in his ""Årsberättelse"" (Annual Survey) in 1835. - Axel Holmberg 1836:14. - Partington IV, pp. 263-64""This is a new force in inorganic and organic nature, bringing into being chemical activity, and more widely distributed than has hitherto been thought, the naure of which is completely concealed. If I all it a new force it is not my meaning that it is independent of the electrochemical relations of matter, but on the contrary I can only assume that it is a special kind of manifestation of these. So long as its nature and relations are unknown it will be convenient to considerit a new force, and to give it a name.""(Berzelius).Parkinson ""Breakthroughs"", 1836 C.The issue contains furthermore two importent papers by the founder of modern organic cemeistry, Auguste Laurent ""Sur l'Acide Naphtalique et ses Combinaisons"", pp. 113-125 and ""Théorie des Combinaisons Organiques"", pp. 125-151. And Avogadr: ""Nouvelles recherches sur le Pouvoir Neutralisant de quelques Corps Simples. (Extrait). Pp. 419-432.Laurent: A founder of modern organic chemistry, Laurent was one of the most important chemists of the nineteenth century.‎

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‎"[HERSCHEL, JOHN].‎

Reference : 47912

(1868)

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‎On the Origin of Force. - [PRESENTATION-COPY - INSCRIBED FOR TYNDALL]‎

‎(London: Alexander Strahan and Company, 1868). 8vo. Without wrappers (as issued). Offprint, seperatly paginated, from ""Fortnightly Review 1"", Pp. 435-42. Author's presentation inscription to top of front wrapper: ""Prof Tyndall / With the author's / kind Compliments"". Soiling to front wrappers and nicks throughout, not affecting text. Internally clean. Pp. 8.‎

‎First edition, offprint, with the author's presentation inscription to Professor John Tyndall - the father of the Greenhouse Effect, heat radiation and global climate research - of this important paper, in which Herschel promotes the role of the devine in the natural order. Herschel, now famous for originating the use of the Julian day system in astronomy, naming seven moons of Saturn and four moons of Uranus, his investigation in colour blindness and the chemical power of ultraviolet rays, did much to promote the public understanding of science . The present paper constitutes one of his most widely read and popular works. ""During his life John was immensely celebrated, his name epitomizing science to the public, much as that of Einstein did in the next century."" (DSB)Though intended for a popular audience ""On the Origin of Force"" is one of the most important sources for understanding Herschel's general approach to science. A contemporary review of the paper states: ""The article is well worth reading for those who wish to realise the enormous benefit which has been rendered to science by banishing the indefinite uee of the word force and by introducing the term energy, restricting the use of force to the meaning attached to it by Newton. Sir John Herschel still speaks of the ""conservation of force"" (as did likewise Helmholtz, who, however, very early introduces the term Arheitskraft, power to do work, thus removing all ambiguity).Herschel and Tyndall corresponded throughout their mature lives and they shared an overall view on God's place in science. ""In the only case in which we are admitted into any personal knowledge of the origin of force, we find it connected (possibly by intermediate links untraceable by our faculties, but yet indubitably connected) with volition, and by inevitable consequence with motive, with intellect, and with all the attributes of mind in which-and not in the possession of arms, legs, brains, and viscera-personality consists."" (Herschel, rrom the present paper). Tyndall agreed in stating that: ""An inscrutable power of which we know no more than job did, when he said, 'Can man by searching find this power out?'. (Tyndall's ""Belfast Address"").‎

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‎"MAXWELL, JAMES CLARK.‎

Reference : 54755

(1864)

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‎On Faraday's Lines of Force. - [MAXWELL'S VERY FIRST PAPER ON ELECTROMAGNETISM]‎

‎London, Taylor and Francis, 1864. 4to. In plain white paper-wrappers with title-page of journal volume pasted on to front wrapper. In ""Transactions of the Cambridge Philosophical Society"", Volume 10. Fine and clean. Pp. (27)-83, (1) + the pasted on title-page.‎

‎First appearance of Maxwell's landmark - and his very first published on electromagnetism - paper in which he anticipates many of the fundamental ideas presented in his famous four-part paper ""On Physical Lines of Force"" (1861-2) in which he derived the equations of electromagnetism. The present paper ushered in a new era of classical electrodynamics and catalyzed further progress in the mathematical field of vector calculus. Because of this, it is considered one of the most historically significant publications in the field of physics and of science in general.Maxwell began his researches on electromagnetism following the completion of his studies at Cambridge in 1854. They were aimed at constructing, at a theoretical level, a unified mathematical theory of electric and magnetic phenomena that would express the methods and ideas of Faraday as an alternative to the theory of Weber."" This programme was announced in his first article, 'On Faraday's lines of force', in 1856, and continued in two other major texts, 'On physical lines of force' in 1861-1862 and 'A dynamical theory of the electromagnetic field' in 1865. According to a famous passage in its preface, the Treatise (1873) represented the outcome of this programme"" (Landmark Writings, p. 569). ""Maxwell's first paper, ""On Faraday's Line of Force"" (1855-1856), was divided into two parts, with supplementary) examples. Its origin may he traced in a long correspondence with Thomson, edited by Larmor in 1936. Part 1 was an exposition of the analogy between lines of force and streamlines in an incompressible fluid. It contained one notable extension to Thomson's treatment of the subject and also an illuminating opening discourse on the philosophical significance of analogies between different branches of physics. This was a theme to which Maxwell returned more than once. His biographers print in full an essay entitled ""Analogies in Nature,"" which he read a few months later (February 1856) to the famous Apostles Club at Cambridge" this puts the subject in a wider setting and deserves careful reading despite its involved and cryptic style. Here, as elsewhere, Maxwell's metaphysical speculation discloses the influence of Sir William Hamilton, specifically of Hamilton's Kantian view that all human knowledge is of relations rather than of things. The use Maxwell saw in the method of analogy was twofold. It crossfertilized technique between different fields, and it served as a golden mean between analytic abstraction and the method of hypothesis. The essence of analogy (in contrast with identity) being partial resemblance, its limits must be recognized as clearly as its existence" yet analogies may help in guarding against too facile commitment to a hypothesis. The analogy of an electric current to two phenomena as different as conduction of heat and the motion of a fluid should, Maxwell later observed, prevent physicists from hastily assuming that ""electricity is either a substance like water, or a state of agitation like heat. ""The analogy is geometrical: ""a similarity between relations, not a similarity between the things related."""" (DSB)The 1856 paper has been eclipsed by Maxwell's later work, but its originality and importance are greater than is usually thought. Besides interpreting Faraday's work and giving the electrotonic function, it contained the germ of a number of ideas which Maxwell was to revive or modify in 1868 and later an integral representation of the field equations (1868),the treatment of electrical action as analogous to the motion of an incompressible fluid (1869, 1873), the classification of vector functions into forces and fluxes (1870), and an interesting formal symmetry in the equations connecting A, B, E, and H, different from the symmetry commonly recognized in the completed field equations. The paper ended with solutions to a series of problems, including an application of the electrotonic function to calculate the action of a magnetic field on a spinning conducting sphere.‎

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‎"FARADAY, MICHAEL‎

Reference : 60097

(1821)

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‎Sur les Mouvemens électro-magnétiques et la théorie du magnétisme. (Traduit par M. Anatole-Riffault). + (André-Marie Ampere et Felix Savary:) Notes relatives au Mémoire de M. Faraday. - [ THE FIRST ELECTRIC MOTOR - INTRODUCING ""LINES OF FORCE"" AND THE UNIVERSE OF ""FIELDS"" (FRENCH EDITION).]‎

‎Paris, Crochard, 1821. 8vo. In contemporary half calf. Wear to extremities and hindges weak. Weak dampstain to lower inner margin, not affecting text. In: ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique, Par MM. Gay-Lussac et Arago."", tome 18 (Septembre Cahier). Entire volume offered. [Faraday's paper:] pp. 337-370 and 2 folded engraved plates (showing the experimental apparatus). [Ampère & Savary's Notes:] pp. 370-379. [Entire volume: 448 pp. + 5 plates. ‎

‎First French edition of Faraday's famous paper ""On some new Electro-Magnetical Motion, and on the Theory of Magnetism. By Michael Faraday, Chemical Assistant in the Royal Institution. (1821)"", recording one of the most influential discoveries in physics in the 19th Century, as Faraday here, as the very first, showed how to CONVERT THE ELECTRICAL AND MAGNETIC FORCES INTO CONTINUAL MECHANICAL MOVEMENT, thus creating the first electric motor, using the principle of electromagnetic rotation. In the first paper he introduced for the first time the concept of ""LINE OF FORCE"" and hereby deliniating ""a picture of the universe as consisting of fields of various types, one that was more subtle, flexible, and useful than the purely mechanical picture of Galileo and Newton. The FIELD UNIVERSE was to be recognized with Maxwell half a century later and with Einstein, after an interval of another halfcentury.""(Asimov).""Ever since Hans Christian oersted's announcement of the discovery of electromagnetism in the summer of 1820, editors of scientific journals had been inundated with articles on the phenomenon. Theories to explain it had multiplied, and the net effect was confusion. Were all the effects reported real ? Did the theories fit the facts ? It was to answer these questions that Phillips turned to Faraday and asked him to review the experiments and theories of the past months and separate truth from fiction,...Faraday agreed to to undertake a short historical survey...His entusiasm was aroused in September 1821, when he turned to the investigation of the peculiar nature of the magnetic force created by an electrical current. Oersted had spoken of the ""electrical conflict"" surrounding the wiree and had noted that ""this conflict performs circles"".....Yet as he experimented he saw precisely what was happening. Using a small magnetic needle to map the pattern of magnetic force, he noted that oneof the poles of the needle turned in a circle as it was carried around the wire. He immediately realized that a single magnetic pole would rotate unceasingly around a current-carrying wire so long as the current flowed. He then set about devising an instrument to illustrate this effect. His paper ""On some new Electro-Magnetical Motion, and on the Theory of Magnetism"" appeared in the 21 October 1821 issue of the ""Quarterly Journal of Science"" (The paper offered in the first French edition). It records the first conversion of electrical into mechanical energy. It also contained the first notion of the line of force.""(DSB IV, pp. 533).‎

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‎"FARADAY, MICHAEL‎

Reference : 60121

(1821)

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‎Sur les Mouvemens électro-magnétiques et la théorie du magnétisme. (Traduit par M. Anatole-Riffault). + (André-Marie Ampere et Felix Savary:) Notes relatives au Mémoire de M. Faraday. - [ THE FIRST ELECTRIC MOTOR - INTRODUCING ""LINES OF FORCE"" AND THE UNIVERSE OF ""FIELDS"" (FRENCH EDITION).]‎

‎Paris, Crochard, 1821. 8vo. In contemporary half calf with gilt lettering to spine. Traces of paper label to lower part of spine. Light wear to extremities and small stamp to title page. In: ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique, Par MM. Gay-Lussac et Arago."", tome 17 & 18 (Septembre Cahier). Entire volume offered. A fine copy. [Faraday's paper:] pp. 337-370 and 2 folded engraved plates (showing the experimental apparatus). [Ampère & Savary's Notes:] pp. 370-379. [Entire volume: 448 pp. + 1 plate"" 448 pp. + 5 plates. ‎

‎First French edition of Faraday's famous paper ""On some new Electro-Magnetical Motion, and on the Theory of Magnetism. By Michael Faraday, Chemical Assistant in the Royal Institution. (1821)"", recording one of the most influential discoveries in physics in the 19th Century, as Faraday here, as the very first, showed how to CONVERT THE ELECTRICAL AND MAGNETIC FORCES INTO CONTINUAL MECHANICAL MOVEMENT, thus creating the first electric motor, using the principle of electromagnetic rotation. In the first paper he introduced for the first time the concept of ""LINE OF FORCE"" and hereby deliniating ""a picture of the universe as consisting of fields of various types, one that was more subtle, flexible, and useful than the purely mechanical picture of Galileo and Newton. The FIELD UNIVERSE was to be recognized with Maxwell half a century later and with Einstein, after an interval of another halfcentury.""(Asimov).""Ever since Hans Christian Oersted's announcement of the discovery of electromagnetism in the summer of 1820, editors of scientific journals had been inundated with articles on the phenomenon. Theories to explain it had multiplied, and the net effect was confusion. Were all the effects reported real ? Did the theories fit the facts ? It was to answer these questions that Phillips turned to Faraday and asked him to review the experiments and theories of the past months and separate truth from fiction,...Faraday agreed to to undertake a short historical survey...His entusiasm was aroused in September 1821, when he turned to the investigation of the peculiar nature of the magnetic force created by an electrical current. Oersted had spoken of the ""electrical conflict"" surrounding the wiree and had noted that ""this conflict performs circles"".....Yet as he experimented he saw precisely what was happening. Using a small magnetic needle to map the pattern of magnetic force, he noted that oneof the poles of the needle turned in a circle as it was carried around the wire. He immediately realized that a single magnetic pole would rotate unceasingly around a current-carrying wire so long as the current flowed. He then set about devising an instrument to illustrate this effect. His paper ""On some new Electro-Magnetical Motion, and on the Theory of Magnetism"" appeared in the 21 October 1821 issue of the ""Quarterly Journal of Science"" (The paper offered in the first French edition). It records the first conversion of electrical into mechanical energy. It also contained the first notion of the line of force.""(DSB IV, pp. 533).‎

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‎"FARADAY, MICHAEL.‎

Reference : 43731

(1821)

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‎On some new Electro-Magnetical Motion, and on the Theory of Magnetism. By Michael Faraday, Chemical Assistant in the Royal Institution. (+) Note on New Electro-Magnetical Motions. (+) Historical Statement respecting Electro-Magnetic Rotation. (3 Papers). - [THE FIRST ELECTRIC MOTOR - INTRODUCING ""LINES OF FORCE"" AND THE UNIVERSE OF ""FIELDS""]‎

‎London, John Murray, (1821), 1822, 1823. Wirhout wrappers as extracted from ""The Quarterly Journal of Science and the Arts. (The Royal Institution of Great Britain)"", vol. XII a. XV. Half-title and title-page to vol. XII, pp. 74-96 a. pp. 416-421 and 1 engraved plate (showing Faraday's apparatus for illustrating electromagnetic rotation). Title-page to vol. XV. Pp. 288-292. The plate slightly brownspotted.‎

‎First appearance of these three papers in which Faraday records one of the most influential discoveries in physics in the 19th Century"" - with these papers he is the very first to show how to CONVERT THE ELECTRICAL AND MAGNETIC FORCES INTO CONTINUAL MECHANICAL MOVEMENT, thus creating the first electric motor, using the principle of electromagnetic rotation. In the first paper he introduced for the first time the concept of ""LINE OF FORCE"", hereby delineating ""a picture of the universe as consisting of fields of various types, one that was more subtle, flexible, and useful than the purely mechanical picture of Galileo and Newton. The FIELD UNIVERSE was to be recognized with Maxwell half a century later and with Einstein, after an interval of another half century"" (Asimov).""Ever since Hans Christian Oersted's announcement of the discovery of electromagnetism in the summer of 1820, editors of scientific journals had been inundated with articles on the phenomenon. Theories to explain it had multiplied, and the net effect was confusion. Were all the effects reported real? Did the theories fit the facts? It was to answer these questions that Phillips turned to Faraday and asked him to review the experiments and theories of the past months and separate truth from fiction,...Faraday agreed to undertake a short historical survey...His enthusiasm was aroused in September 1821, when he turned to the investigation of the peculiar nature of the magnetic force created by an electrical current. Oersted had spoken of the ""electrical conflict"" surrounding the wire and had noted that ""this conflict performs circles"".....Yet as he experimented he saw precisely what was happening. Using a small magnetic needle to map the pattern of magnetic force, he noted that one of the poles of the needle turned in a circle as it was carried around the wire. He immediately realized that a single magnetic pole would rotate unceasingly around a current-carrying wire so long as the current flowed. He then set about devising an instrument to illustrate this effect. His paper ""On some new Electro-Magnetical Motion, and on the Theory of Magnetism"" appeared in the 21 October 1821 issue of the ""Quarterly Journal of Science"" (The paper offered). It records the first conversion of electrical into mechanical energy. It also contained the first notion of the line of force."" (DSB IV, pp. 533).‎

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‎BASSET, A.B.‎

Reference : 39709

(1888)

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‎A Treatise on Hydrodynamics. With numerous Examples. 2 vols. - [THE BASSET FORCE IN HYDRODYNAMICS]‎

‎Cambridge, Deighton, Bell and Co., 1888. 2 orig. full cloth. XII,264"XVI,328 pp. Fine and clean, a few scattered brownspots.‎

‎Scarce first edition. In this work Basset describes a force to the lagging boundary layer development with changing relative velocity of bodies moving through a fluid. This Basset-force is also known as as the ""History"" term. The force is difficult to implement and is commonly neglected from practical reasons, however, it can be substantially large when the body is accelerated at a high rate.‎

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‎"GRAHAM, THOMAS. - COINING THE WORD ""DIALYSIS"".‎

Reference : 43302

(1854)

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‎The Bakerian Lecture. - On Osmotic Force. Received June 15, - Read June 15, 1854.‎

‎(London, Richard Taylor and William Francis, 1854) 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" 1853, Vol. 144 - Part I. Pp. 177-228, 3 fine textillustrations in woodcut. Clean and fine.‎

‎First appearance of this importent paper in which Graham coins the word ""dialysis"" denoting the passage by diffusion of dissolved substances as a function of their concentration and molecular mass. In this way he further explained 'exomosis'.""Thomas Graham (1805-1869) studies diffusion in gases and solutions and discovers and names the phenomenon now known as the osmotic force. He finds that certain substances (i.e. glue) pass more slowly through membranes than others (i.e. common salt). He calls the former colloids and the latter crystalloids and introduces the notion of dialysis to describe these observations. The beginning of his famous lecture ""On osmotic force"" with illustrations is shown on the right.""(From Anders Gedeon ""Science and Technology in Medicine"", p. 244, where part of the first page and the illustrations from the offered paper, are shown).Garrison & Morton: 686. (""Investigation on osmotic force"" provided importent information for the physiologists"").‎

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‎"GRAHAM, THOMAS. - COINING THE WORD ""DIALYSIS"".‎

Reference : 49408

(1854)

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‎The Bakerian Lecture. - On Osmotic Force. Received June 15, - Read June 15, 1854.‎

‎(London, Richard Taylor and William Francis, 1854). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"" 1854, Vol. 144 - Part I. Pp. 177-228, 3 fine textillustrations in woodcut. Clean and fine.‎

‎First appearance of this importent paper in which Graham coins the word ""dialysis"" denoting the passage by diffusion of dissolved substances as a function of their concentration and molecular mass. In this way he further explained 'exomosis'.""Thomas Graham (1805-1869) studies diffusion in gases and solutions and discovers and names the phenomenon now known as the osmotic force. He finds that certain substances (i.e. glue) pass more slowly through membranes than others (i.e. common salt). He calls the former colloids and the latter crystalloids and introduces the notion of dialysis to describe these observations. The beginning of his famous lecture ""On osmotic force"" with illustrations is shown on the right.""(From Anders Gedeon ""Science and Technology in Medicine"", p. 244, where part of the first page and the illustrations from the offered paper, are shown).Garrison & Morton: 686 (""Investigation on osmotic force"" provided importent information for the physiologists"").‎

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‎"CAUMONT LA FORCE, Charlotte-Rose de;"‎

Reference : CLL-284

(1782)

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‎Histoire secrète de la Bourgogne. Par Mlle de La Force.‎

‎Paris, de l'imprimerie de Didot l'Aîné, 1782 3 volumes in-12 de (2) ff., 4, XXXVI, 231 pp. - (2) ff., 293. - 279 pp., maroquin rouge, trois filets gras et maigres dorés en encadrement sur les plats, dos lisses ornés de filets et fleurons dorés, pièces de maroquin citron, filet doré sur les coupes, dentelle intérieure dorées, tranches dorées (reliures de l'époque signées de Bourlier avec son étiquette).‎

‎"Nouvelle édition, la première de la série des Romans historiques de François-Ambroise Didot. Elle atteste du succès continu de l'ouvrage, depuis sa publication originale, en 1694. Établi par Jean-Benjamin de Laborde, le texte est précédé d'une ""Généalogie de Mademoiselle de Caumont de La Force"" au tome I, et complété de ""Notices sur les personnages"", de ""Remarques et éclaircissements pour rétablir la vérité des événements de l'Histoire secrète de Bourgogne"" ainsi que la ""Table des personnages"", au tome III. Détournement de ""mijeur"". Issue d'une prestigieuse lignée, mais sans fortune, Charlotte-Rose Caumont La Force (1650-1724), s'acquit une grande renommée auprès de ses contemporains, tant pas ses talents d’écrivain, son esprit, que sa propre vie. Protestante, elle se convertit en 1686, recevant une pension de 1000 écus de Louis XIV. Elle aurait ensuite tenté d'améliorer sa situation financière en épousant Charles de Briou seigneur de Survilliers, ""un jeune homme de vingt-cinq ans, très bien fait & très aimable"" (Élisabeth-Charlotte de Bavière), - majeur depuis un mois, quand elle-même était son aînée de huit années -, et qui de surcroît était ""fort riche"" (Dangeau, cités par C. Trinquet). Las, une semaine plus tard, le beau-père, intentant ""une action de rapt"", demanda l'annulation de ce mariage ""célébré par un prêtre dans une chambre, sans dispense ni permission du curé"" et fit interner son fils ""séduit"" jusqu'à ce qu'il consente à rompre. Le Parlement lui donna raison en condamnant les époux en 1689 pour ""abus dans la célébration du mariage"", leur faisant ""défenses de se hanter & fréquenter"" (N. Nupied, Journal des principales audiences du Parlement, Paris, 1757, t. IV, p. 191). ""L’aventure de ce mariage dissous, pourtant si véritable, ressemble étrangement aux histoires romanesques telles qu’on peut les trouver aussi bien chez Villedieu […] que chez Prévost […]"" ( C. Trinquet, p. 149). En 1697, à la suite de couplets satiriques qui lui furent attribués, Mlle de La Force fut contrainte, pour conserver sa pension royale, de se retirer au couvent de Gercy-en-Brie. Ce n'est qu'en 1713 qu'elle obtiendra son pardon et l'autorisation de reparaître à la cour. ""C'est un Roman, où l’Histoire se trouve ingenieusement meslée avec les agrémens de l’imagination"" (Mercure Galant, mai 1694, p. 316). Débutant dans les lettres par de la poésie, puis des contes de fées, c'est avec l'Histoire secrète de Bourgogne qu'elle inaugura son œuvre romanesque. Ce récit ""attachant, & rempli d’incidens qui font plaisir, & de plusieurs histoires, dont la varieté est tres-agreable"" relate les aventures amoureuses de Marie de Bourgogne avec Charles d’Orléans, comte d'Angoulême, sous le règne de LouisXI. ""On y trouve des pensées neuves, & un stile fort vif […], sur tout quand il s’agit de passion. Ainsi l’on ne doit pas s’étonner du grand succés de cet Ouvrage, & de l’approbation que la Cour luy a donnée"" (ibid.). Mlle de La Force s'est appuyée sur les historiens et les mémorialistes, Le Journal des Sçavans, tout en pointant qu'il est question ""d'avantures galantes"", reconnaissant ainsi, ""Ce que cette Histoire secrète […] fait raconter à Comines, est peut estre plus vrai semblable"" (21 juin 1694, p.288). ""Mais de par son style, cette Histoire […], s’inscrit directement dans la lignée de la littérature précieuse, en rappelant les grands romans précieux tels que L’Astrée, La Clélie et le Grand Cyrus, mais surtout la Princesse de Clèves et les romans de Mme de Villedieu. […] Les récits de Mlle de La Force ont dû marquer leur époque, car c’est apparemment d’après son Histoire secrète de Bourgogne que l’on a donné le nom d’ ""histoire secrète"" à ce genre en vogue à la fin du XVIIe siècle […]"" (C.Trinquet, pp.151-152). Très bel exemplaire sur vélin fin d'Annonay, en maroquin établi à l'époque par Bourlier, relieur ""Rue de Savoye, près le Quai des Augustins à Paris"". Il est cité par Seymour de Ricci pour un exemplaire avec la même étiquette (French Signed Bindings in the Mortimer L. Schiff Collection, n° 107). De la bibliothèque Louis Maldant avec ex-libris. Charlotte Trinquet, ""Mademoiselle de la Force, une princesse de la République des lettres"", Œuvres et Critiques, vol. 35, n° 1,? 2010, pp. 147-157."‎

Librairie Laurent Coulet - Paris
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Phone number : + 33 (0)1 42 89 51 59

EUR1,800.00 (€1,800.00 )

‎MAUCLAIR Camille‎

Reference : 83424

(1899)

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‎Manuscrit autographe signé intitulé "La force et la destruction" à propos du roman "La force" de Paul Adam qui vient de paraître : "M. Paul Adam nous montre l'éternel symbole de Prométhée, de l'intelligence créatrice, enchaîné entre la Force et la Violence."‎

‎S.n., s.l. s.d. (1899), 15x19,5cm, 8 feuillets.‎

‎Manuscrit autographe signé intitulé "La force et la destruction" à propos du roman La Force de Paul Adam qui vient de paraître, 8 feuillets à l'encre bleue comportant quelques ratures. L'article fut certainement publié dans la Revue Blanche. Dans cette élogieuse critique du roman La Force, paru chezPaul Ollendorff, : "... c'est un très grand poème épique..." tout autant que de l'oeuvre déjà prolifique de Paul Adam : "Un écrivain qui, à trente-cinq ans, avant ce livre en a signé vingt-trois autres dont aucun n'est médiocre et dont dix sont de premier ordre...", "... un inépuisable agitateur d'idées, d'aperçus, de rêves et de beautés...", Camille Mauclair démontre aux lecteurs de la Revue Blanche, d'obédience socialiste et anarchiste, que Paul Adam est des leurs : "Mais le peuple ne sait peut-être pas combien ce romancier, cet artiste de style, est près de lui, dévoué à sa cause, véritablement son apôtre en face de la bourgeoisie... c'est en luttant de front contre les iniquités, les laideurs et les égoïsmes de la classe possédante que M. Adam a imposé son nom." Malgré le succès, et contrairement à beaucoup de ses coréligionnaires poètes et romanciers, Paul Adam ne s'est pas fourvoyé : "... un mandarin des lettres refugié dans des rêves compliqués et indifférents à l'époque, aux souffrances et aux injustices...", ".. les autres décadents, égotistes ou symbolistes... se réfugiaient prudemment dans la tour d'ivoire ou dans les honteux culte du moi, en attendant l'académisme ou le suffrage des snobs..." et est animé d'une aiguë conscience politique et sociale: "... sa voix fut une des plus éloquentes parmi celles qui saluèrent dans l'anarchisme les beaux côtés de sa morale civique, l'idéal internationaliste, la haine des castes, le relèvement de l'individu considéré comme unité et commune mesure de la société...", "... Au moment où la panique multipliait autant les dénonciateurs que les poltrons, M. Paul Adam signa résolument un magnifique éloge de Ravachol."' Enfin Camille Mauclair analyse précisément la portée de "La force" : Avec une frappante justesse, Paul Adam oppose la force véritable, la hauteur d'esprit à la suprématie de l'épée.", "M. Paul Adam nous montre l'éternel symbole de Prométhée, de l'intelligence créatrice, enchaîné entre la Force et la Violence.", "... étant adversaire du chauvinisme et du militarisme... de mettre en lumière tous leurs motifs de gloire pour mieux en montrer l'écoeurant non-sens, la nullité, la débilité devant la vie pensante et l'action féconde..." et intronise définitivement Paul Adam poète et romancier de la Révolution : "L'âme pure de la Constituante, l'esprit véritable de la Révolution animent M. Paul Adam, et il est dès maintenant le représentant le plus désigné de la tradition libérale, socialiste, et fraternitaire des grands lyriques français." - Photos sur www.Edition-originale.com - ‎

Le Feu Follet - Paris
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‎[CONVERSIONS FORCEES] ‎

Reference : 210740

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‎Dessein du feu d'artifice fait à la Force le 21 décembre 1699 par la justice & le peuple du Duché nouvellement réunis à la Religion catholique apostolique romaine, après une mission de trois mois, & à l'ouverture d'une autre mission solemnelle‎

‎S.l. [Rouen], [Machuel], s.d. (1700) petit in-4, 4 pp., en feuille, ‎

‎Avec un titre un peu différent, c'est l'unique édition d'un occasionnel des plus rares évoquant le passage (forcé) du Duché de la Force à la religion dominante. Erigée en duché-pairie en 1637 pour la famille de Caumont, la petite terre périgourdine de La Force suivit la religion réformée de ses seigneurs. Après l'Edit de Fontainebleau, Jacques-Nompar II de Caumont (1632-1699), quatrième duc de La Force, fut le seul grand seigneur du royaume à vouloir demeurer protestant. Ses trois fils lui furent alors enlevés par ordre de Louis XIV en janvier 1686 et confiés au collège jésuite de Louis le Grand où ils furent contraints d'abjurer en mars 1686. Mais il fallut attendre la mort du quatrième duc le 14 avril 1699 pour qu'Henri-Jacques-Nompar de Caumont (1675-1726), devenu cinquième duc ("le premier qui ait appris au peuple le mépris des grands"), pût ramener la seigneurie de la Force au catholicisme. Comme nombre de convertis récents, il se montra fanatiquement convertisseur, donnant de fortes sommes pour le traitement de missionnaires œuvrant à convertir les calvinistes et accueillant dans son château de La Force des religieux aussi persécuteurs que lui. Voici le contexte de notre pièce.Seulement deux notices au CCF (BnF et Périgueux, cette dernière signalant une photocopie ...). ‎

Librairie Historique Fabrice Teissèdre - Paris
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Phone number : 33 01 43 26 71 17

EUR400.00 (€400.00 )

‎Collectif‎

Reference : R320178111

(1997)

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‎X-Force n°30 septembre 1997 - X-Force reflets dans la nuit - X-Force bad girls - action mutante par Christian Grasse - X-Force les externels meurent aussi.‎

‎Marvel France. 1997. In-8. Broché. Etat d'usage, Couv. convenable, Dos satisfaisant, Intérieur acceptable. 46 pages agrafées - nombreuses illustrations en couleurs dans le texte.. . . . Classification Dewey : 70.49-Presse illustrée, magazines, revues‎

‎Sommaire : X-Force reflets dans la nuit - X-Force bad girls - action mutante par Christian Grasse - X-Force les externels meurent aussi. Classification Dewey : 70.49-Presse illustrée, magazines, revues‎

Le-livre.fr / Le Village du Livre - Sablons
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EUR14.90 (€14.90 )

‎COLLECTIF‎

Reference : RO20180259

(1998)

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‎X-FORCE - N°32 - JANVIER 1998 - ONSLAUGHT PHASE 3 - x-man & x-force en compagnie d'etrangers, onslaught: guide de lecture (2), chronologie des nouveaux mutants & x-force (2), x-force en compagnie d'etrangers ch.2 le meilleur plan....‎

‎MARVEL FRANCE. 1998. In-8. Broché. Bon état, Couv. convenable, Dos satisfaisant, Intérieur frais. 47 pages - nombreux dessins en couleurs dans le texte.. . . . Classification Dewey : 843.067-Comics‎

‎BIMESTRIEL - Sommaire: x-man & x-force en compagnie d'etrangers, onslaught: guide de lecture (2), chronologie des nouveaux mutants & x-force (2), x-force en compagnie d'etrangers ch.2 le meilleur plan.... Classification Dewey : 843.067-Comics‎

Le-livre.fr / Le Village du Livre - Sablons
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EUR29.80 (€29.80 )

‎J.E. Force‎

Reference : 400079540

(1986)

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‎Force mensuel n7 Force arédit‎

‎Atari 1986 1986. Atari Force mensuel N°7: Atari Force/ Arédit 1986‎

‎Très bon état‎

Démons et Merveilles - Joinville

Phone number : 07 54 32 44 40

EUR4.00 (€4.00 )

Reference : 400123056

(2011)

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‎Salah Eddine ABBASSI La MAWUDA du XXIe siècle victime du mariage forcé Islam‎

‎L'editeur 2011 2011. ouvrage broché 184 pages éditions les 2 Encres 2011. vendu 19 euros en librairie en TRES BON ETAT ; complet et solide sans déchirures ni annotations intérieur propre ; très peu de pliures sur la couverture. « Le mot Mawuda fait référence à l'époque préislamique où les petites filles étaient enterrées vivantes par les parents honteux d'avoir une fille au lieu d'un garçon car la succession s'effectuait spécifiquement à travers les hommes. Avec cette allusion à la mawuda Salah-Eddine Abbassi nous rappelle que le mariage forcé est lui aussi une pratique ancestrale prenant ses racines dans la tradition et une interprétation erronée de la religion. Dans un contexte de respect des origines ethniques et des règles morales et traditionnelles du pays natal certains parents immigrés appliquent une pression familiale sur leur fille et acceptent de perpétuer ce qui comme le souligne l'auteur « reste un viol prémédité et répété la réalité méconnue des victimes de mariage forcé murées dans la loi du silence et la non-reconnaissance de la société. Ce phénomène continue de toucher aujourd'hui de très nombreuses jeunes femmes issues principalement de la culture maghrébine et pose de nombreuses questions. Quelles sont les conséquences psychiques du mariage forcé sur une femme sur le couple uni de force et sur les enfants nés d'une telle union ? Et sur la société en général ? Les parents ont-ils conscience de la gravité de leurs actes ? Mais aussi : quelles attitudes peut avoir la jeune fille face au mariage forcé ? Comment aider les professionnels de la santé et du social à faire face à de telles situations‎

‎Très bon état‎

Démons et Merveilles - Joinville

Phone number : 07 54 32 44 40

EUR6.20 (€6.20 )

‎BÜCHNER, Louis.‎

Reference : 4100

(1872)

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‎Force et matière. Etudes populaires d'histoire et de philosophie naturelles. Ouvrage traduit de l'allemand.‎

‎Paris : C. Reinwald, Leipzig : Th. Thomas, 1872 In-8, frontispice, (4)-361 (i. e. 363)-(1) pp. Demi-chagrin vert de l'époque, dos à nerfs orné.‎

‎Quelques traces d'usage à la reliure, piqûres. Quatrième édition française. Contient une biographie de l'auteur."Büchner tried to base the theses of the materialistic concept of the world on empirical foundations and thus to prepare fruitful philosophical discussions. He defined force as "expression for the cause of a possible or an actual movement". Physics, as the science of forces (mechanical force, gravity, heat), revealed that forces are inseparable from matter. Force and matter could not be distroyed ; they were one and the same thing, seen from different aspects. There could be no force without matter, and no matter without force" (DSB II-563/564). ‎

Librairie Michel Bouvier - Paris
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‎RABAUT SAINT-ETIENNE (Jean-Paul Rabaut, dit)‎

Reference : 482599

(1790)

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‎Rapport sur l'organisation de la force publique, fait au nom du Comité de constitution & du Comité militaire, le 21 novembre 1790. Par M. Rabaut.‎

‎ Paris, de l'Imprimerie nationale, [1790]. In-8 en feuilles, 23 pp. ‎

‎"I. Qu'est-ce que la force publique ? En quoi consiste-t-elle ? Et qui doit l'exercer ? II. Qu'est-ce que la force publique intérieure ? A qui doit-elle être confiée? Comment doit-elle être liée avec le pouvoir législatif & le pouvoir exécutif ? Et quelles sont, sous ces rapports, les fonctions des citoyens qui deviennent gardes nationales ? III. Qu'est-ce que la force publique extérieure ? A qui doit-elle être confiée? Et quels sont, dans le danger public, les devoirs & les fonctions des citoyens, auxquels on donnera le nom de gardes nationales ? IV. Quelle doit être l'organisation des gardes nationales sous le double rapport de force publique intérieure & de force publique extérieure ?"Avocat, ministre protestant et député aux États Généraux, Rabaut saint-Etienne était membre du parti girondin. A toutes marges, tel que paru, très bonne condition. - Frais de port : -France 4,95 € -U.E. 9 € -Monde (z B : 15 €) (z C : 25 €) ‎

Librairie Le Trait d'Union - Troyes
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