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‎Two Essays: One upon Single Vision with Two Eyes" the Other on Dew. A Letter to the Right Hon. Lloyd, Lord Kenyon and an Account of a Female of the White Race of Mankind, Part of whose Skin Resembles that of a Negro (+) An Account of a Female of the W... - [THE FIRST RECOGNIZABLE STATEMENT OF THE THEORY OF NATURAL SELECTION]‎

‎London, Archibald Constable and Co, 1818. 8vo. Bound uncut in a nice recent half calf binding with five raised bands with gilt lettering and ornamentation to spine. A very nice and clean copy. (6), (I)-LXXIV, (2), 439, (1) pp. ‎

‎First appearance of Well's important work, which constitutes the first clear pioneering statement about natural selection. He applied the idea to the origin of different skin colours in human races, but from the context it seems he thought it might be applied more widely. Charles Darwin said: ""[Wells] distinctly recognises the principle of natural selection, and this is the first recognition which has been indicated"". (Darwin, Charles 1866. The origin of species by means of natural selection. 4th and subsequent editions, in the preliminary 'Historical sketch')In 1813, Wells read a paper to the Royal Society of London, occasioned by a white female patient with splotches of dark skin. In his paper, Wells speculated about the origin of skin color variations in humans. He suggested that long ago, there might have arisen in equatorial regions a variety of humans that were better able to resist diseases such as malaria, perhaps aided by darker skin, and they survived where other variations perished. Similarly, lighter-skinned humans might have been variations that were better able to survive in temperate and arctic regions.""Wells' paper was not printed in the Philosophical Transactions, but after he died in 1817, two of his treatises, ""On Single vision with Two Eyes,"" and ""On Dew"", were published posthumously, and Wells' brief ""Account of a white female, part of whose skin resembles that of a negro"" was added on at the very end. No one noticed, certainly not Charles Darwin, who was 9 years old at the time.Time went by, Darwin discovered natural selection on his own in the late 1830s, and he sprang it on the world in On the Origin of Species in 1859. During the year after publication, various readers noticed that certain aspects of Darwinian evolution had been anticipated by such naturalists as Étienne Geoffroy St. Hilaire, Patrick Matthew, and the anonymous author of the Vestiges. So in 1861, for the third edition of the Origin, Darwin added an ""Historical Sketch"" in which he discussed his precursors and to what extent they anticipated his own work (third image). Geoffroy St. Hilaire, Matthew, and the Vestiges all merited a paragraph in the ""Historical Sketch."" But there was still no mention of William Wells.Then, sometime before 1866, an American, Robert Rowley, drew the attention of an Englishman, Charles Loring Brace, to Wells' paper, and Rowley conveyed the information to Darwin. Darwin was apparently impressed. For the fifth edition of the Origin, he revised the ""Historical Sketch"", and he added a paragraph about Wells, in which he commented: ""In this paper he [Wells] distinctly recognises the principle of natural selection, and this is the first recognition which has been indicated."" Darwin also pointed out, quite correctly, that Wells used natural selection only to account for human races, not to explain the origin of species. But still, Wells was the only precursor of natural selection that Darwin took seriously.""( William B. Ashworth, Linda Hall Library)‎

‎Le Livre d'Adam de Charles d'Hooghvorst. Textes et commentaires sur les traditions hébraïque, chrétienne et islamique.‎

‎Grez-Doiceau, Beya Editions, N°9 de la Collection Beya, 2008, 256 pp., rel. cartonnée cousue, livre neuf.‎

‎Préface de Raimon Arola. Le Livre d'Adam de Charles d'Hooghvorst est une compilation exceptionnelle d'articles comprenant des textes traditionnels et leurs commentaires, qui permettront au lecteur de découvrir le lien qui unit les trois grandes religions monothéistes. De toute évidence, cette unité profonde ne peut se déceler dans leurs manifestations exotériques, étant donné que celles-ci n'expriment que leurs différences. Il faut rechercher dans les trois grandes religions du Livre le seul sens qui les unit. Charles d'Hooghvorst s'est magistralement acquitté de cette tâche.‎

‎""Procédé d'enregistrement et de reproduction des phénomènes perçus par l'ouïe"". (Seance du Lundi 3 decembre 1877).‎

‎(Paris, Mallet-Bachelier), 1877 4to. In: ""Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences"", Tome 85, No 23. Pp. (1029-) 1084. (Entire issue offered). Cros' letter: pp. 1082-1083.‎

‎First printing of this paper which describes the invention of the Phono-autograph (Phonograph) a few month before Edison introduced his invention. It was on this letter to the Academy that the French made claim to the invention.""He (Charles Cros) is perhaps most famous as the man who almost, but not quite, invented the phonograph. No one before M. Charles Cros had thought of reproducing sound by making an apparatus capable of registering and reproducing sounds which had been engraved with a diaphragm. The inventor gave the name of Paleophone (voix du passé) to his invention. On April 30, 1877 he submitted a sealed envelope containing a letter to the Academy of Sciences in Paris explaining his proposed method. The letter stated in French, ""Alors qu'il séjourne à Sablé au début de 1877, Charles Cros rédige une courte note, « Procédé d'enregistrement et de reproduction des phénomènes perçus par l'ouïe », dans laquelle il expose le principe de ce qu'il nomme « Paléophone » (« voix du passé ») : « Un index léger est solidaire du centre de figure d'une membrane vibrante "" il se termine par une pointe [...] qui repose sur une surface noircie à la flamme."" The English translation is one close to this: ""A lightweight index is fixed to the center of figure of a vibrating membrane, it ends with a tip [...] based on a blackened surface flame. This surface is integral with a disc driven by a double movement of rotation and linear progression. The system is reversible: when the tip makes ironing in the furrow membrane restores the original acoustic signal."" The letter was read in public on 3 December following. In his letter, after having shown that his method consisted of detecting an oscillation of a membrane and using the tracing to reproduce the oscillation with respect to its duration and intensity. Cros added that a cylindrical form for the receiving apparatus seemed to him to be the most practical, as it allowed for the graphic inscription of the vibrations by means of a very fine-threaded screw.""(Wikipedia)‎

‎Cervantès et la cabale chrétienne.‎

‎Grez-Doiceau, Beya Editions, N°34 de la Collection Beya, 2022. In-8°, 318 pp., qqs ill. en n&b et couleurs. Rel. cartonnée cousue, livre neuf.‎

‎Marie Fé d'Hooghvorst (éd.). Charles dHooghvorst, déjà connu pour Le Livre dAdam dédié aux traditions juive, chrétienne et musulmane, remet ici en lumière la véritable et profonde Renaissance hermétique de lOccident, étouffée pendant si longtemps par le rationalisme triomphant. Manifestement, la Vérité finit toujours par ressortir de son tombeau. Dans louvrage qui suit, lexégèse traditionnelle que Charles dHooghvorst applique nous révèle le sens premier des textes, le plus radical et occulte, lequel est toujours hermétique, cest-à-dire cabalistique et alchimique. Lauteur nous exhorte à une lecture claire et passionnée de Cervantès et des cabalistes chrétiens, avec le regard dun amoureux de la sagesse, qui la recherche dans les bons livres, dans ceux qui parlent du trésor qua perdu lhumanité en tombant dans ce monde dexil.‎

‎Histoire De L'Etablissement Des Francois Refugiez Dans Les Etats De Son Altesse Electorale De Brandenbourg.‎

‎Berlin, Roger, 1690. 8vo. In contemporary full calf with four raised bands and gilt ornamentation to spine. Wear to extremities. Stains to boards and spine-ends missing part of leather. Small worm-tracts to lower margin, not affecting text. (16), 399, (3) pp. ‎

‎The exceedingly rare first edition of Ancillon’s influential history on the migration and settlement of French Huguenot refugees in the state of Brandenburg during the late 17th century. “Charles Ancillon (1659–1715), one of a distinguished family of French Protestants, was born on the 28th of July 1659, at Metz. His father, David Ancillon (1617–1692), was obliged to leave France on the revocation of the edict of Nantes, and became pastor of the French Protestant community in Berlin. Charles Ancillon studied law at Marburg, Geneva, and Paris, where he was called to the bar. In 1699 he succeeded Pufendorf as historiographer to the elector, and the same year replaced his uncle Joseph Ancillon as judge of all the French refugees in Brandenburg. Of his fairly numerous works the only one still of value is the Histoire de l’établissement des Français réfugiés dans les états de Brandebourg (Berlin, 1690).” (Encyclopædia Britannica).‎

‎Historische Beschreibung der Antillen Inseln. 2 part. - [EARLY WORK ON THE ANTILLE ISLANDS]‎

‎Frankfurt: Wilhelm Serlin, 1668. 12mo (140 x 85 mm). In contemporary full calf with four raised bands and gilt lettering and ornamentation to spine. Small paper label pasted on to top of spine indicating the inventory number in a estate library. A few worm holes to boards. Closely trimmed, a few leaves with slight loss of text to upper margin. Leaf pp. 389/390 with repair in margin, with loss of text, otherwise a nice copy. (20), 31, (3), 430, (14)" (12), 514 pp. + frontispiece and 45 plates (as called for by Sabin).‎

‎Rare first German edition, here with the often lacking second part (“the second, which is generally lacking” – Sabin) of this early and important work on the Antilles Islands describing the customs and manner of the inhabitants - ""The work is an important and valuable contribution to our knowledge of the Antilles... "" (Sabin 72321). Rochefort's book was written for the principal purpose of convincing other Huguenots to emigrate to the Caribbean. It described the islands and the natives in glowing terms, to make the Antilles seem a desirable destination for Protestants living in a France that didn't want them and barely tolerated them. The first part of the text, beautifully illustrated with copperplates, showcases the flora of the New World, including pineapple, indigo, ginger, cocoa, coconut, palm trees, and tobacco. Additionally, depictions of various fish, birds, animals, and traditional costumes are also included. Notably, it includes a chapter on the Apalachee Indians of the southwestern United States and a Carib language glossary by Raymond Breton. “Charles de Rochefort, a French Huguenot minister and missionary, was born in 1605 and died in 1683. He spent at least a decade in the Caribbean, from 1636 to the mid- 1640s, on Tobago and what we now call St. Kitts, before returning to take up a post as minister at a Huguenot Church in Rotterdam, a position that he held the rest of his life. In 1658, a book was published in Rotterdam, called Histoire naturelle et morale des iles Antilles de l'Amerique. The only name mentioned in the preface was “M. de Rochefort”. For a long time, this was suspected to be either Cesar de Rochefort or the comte de Rochefort. But in 1992, a scholar convincingly demonstrated that the author was Charles de Rochefort, the Huguenot minister of Rotterdam. The missionary purpose notwithstanding, Rochefort was very good at describing the flora and fauna of the Antilles, especially the plants. And he provided attractive engravings of many of the tropical plants he described. We show several of those illustrations here. You will notice that Rochefort, unlike Piso, liked to depict natives interacting with the plants, which makes his engravings even more attractive, from an ethnological point of view.” (Linda Hall) This German translation is based on the second edition of the original French edition. Sabin 72321‎

‎Cervantès et la cabale chrétienne.‎

‎Grez-Doiceau, éditions Beya, n° 34 de collection BEYA, 2022. In-8°, 318 pp., qqs ill. Rel. d'éd. Neuf.‎

‎Marie Fé d'Hooghvorst (éd). Charles dHooghvorst, déjà connu pour Le Livre dAdam dédié aux traditions juive, chrétienne et musulmane, remet ici en lumière la véritabe et profonde Renaissance hermétique de lOccident, étouffée pendant si longtemps par le rationalisme triomphant. Manifestement, la Vérité finit toujours par ressortir de son tombeau. Dans louvrage qui suit, lexégèse traditionnelle que Charles dHooghvorst applique nous révèle le sens premier des textes, le plus radical et occulte, lequel est toujours hermétique, cest-à-dire cabalistique et alchimique. Lauteur nous exhorte à une lecture claire et passionnée de Cervantès et des cabalistes chrétiens, avec le regard dun amoureux de la sagesse, qui la recherche dans les bons livres, dans ceux qui parlent du trésor qua perdu lhumanité en tombant dans ce monde dexil.‎

‎Traité de l'association domestique-agricole. 2 Vols. (+) Sommaire du traité de l'association domestique-agricole ou attraction industrielle. - [FOUNDING UTOPIAN SOCIALISM AND COINING ""FEMINIST""]‎

‎Paris, Bossange père"" Londres, Martin Bossange et Comp., 1822 & 1823. 8vo. [Traité:] Two lovely contemporary, uniform half calf bindings with gilding and blindstamped ornamentations to spines. ""E. C."" in gilt lettering to top of spine on both volumes + [Sommaire:] a bit later red half cloth with marbled paper over boards. Gilt title to spine. [Traité]: signed by the author on verso of half-title in vol. 1: ""Ch Fourier"". Title-page of vol. 1 with a small light brown stain (probably candle-starin), far from affecting lettering. Both volumes in lovely condition, with only very light occassional brownspoting. LXXX, 592 pp."" VIII, 648 pp. [Sommaire:] Title-page slightly browned, evenly. Otherwise very nice, clean, and fresh. 16 pp, pp. (1329) -1448 + 4 ff. (= (A8 (unnumbered) - on two leaves, first recto and second verso blank) + B8, C8, D8, E8).A lovely set.‎

‎Scarce first edition of Fourier's milestone work of political theory, which is considered a founding work of Utopian Socialism and a main inspiration for Marx. The work, which contains ""the essence of Fourier's doctrine"" (David Owen Evans, Social Romanticism in France 1830-1848, p. 129.), is here presented together with the exceedingly rare complete supplement, which was published the following year.It is in the ""Traité..."" that Fourier presents the revolutionary ideas that Marx were to adopt and use in his ""Kapital"", namely the theory of poverty and exploitation and its relation to the means of production. These same ideas are those that made Marx speak of Fourier's ""Gargantuan view of man"".It is due to the ""Traité de l'association"" that Fourier is considered one of the founding fathers of Utopian Socialism (being by far the most utopian of them)"" in his quest for a more equal society, he became one of the very first to defend things such as same-sex sexuality and the rights of women - in fact, it is Fourier that later coins the word ""Feministe"", while stating that the position of women in society was equal to that of slaves. Many of his publications preceded those of de Saint-Simon, Owens, and Marx, but his ideas seemed to find greater influence when interpreted by others. Due to the lack of success of the ""Traité"", Fourier decided, the following year, to publish the ""Sommaire"", in an attempt to draw attention to his revolutionary ideas in the ""Traité"". The ""Sommaire"" constitutes a short, more easily understood, summary, though also containing some additional new work. The ""Sommaire"" is often referred to as ""The Appendix"" to the ""Traité"" and is considered as belonging to that work. One of the central themes of the work is the thought of ""harmony"": ""The word harmonisme - here fully explained and described for the first time - was first applied to the highest of the passions or motives of humankind" then (as a synonym for Harmonie) to the ultimate stage of social evolution. The fortunate inhabitants of the perfected world he called harmoniens, a word coined in the present work. These words were duly translated by the Fourierites of other lands. Harmony, the Harmonic state, Harmonization, or integral contrasted association, were the terms used in the earliest English translations in 1841 to describe Fourier's proposed social system and Harmonism was employed in the 1850's. The inhabitants were spoken of as Harmonians" and Fourier's philosophy as a whole was sometimes described as the Harmonian Doctrine. Even the word harmonious was called into service as a technical term, one English disciple writing of a Harmonious Phalanx."" (Bestor, The Evolution of the Socialist Vocabulary, p. 264).Charles Fourier claimed to find inspiration in the exorbitant price of an apple in a Parisian restaurant and he convinced himself that he could design a more efficient way to produce and deliver goods. Unlike other socialists of his day, Fourier believed that the pursuit of self interest served as an effective incentive to productive work. He simply did not believe that the market economy of his day successfully mobilized the pursuit of self interest for the common good and he was offended by the low productivity of labor. He argued that most people were employed in deadening jobs that failed to fully utilize their energies, and that nearly two thirds of all workers were performing virtually useless tasks. A more efficient economic organization promised enormous benefits to all if only a benefactor capitalist would advance the money necessary to set up the first community or ''phalanstery''.Phalanxes, structures called Phalanstères or ""grand hotels"", were four level apartment complexes where the richest had the uppermost apartments and the poorest occupied the ground floor residence. Wealth was determined by one's job, jobs were assigned based on the interests and desires of the individual. There were incentives: jobs people might not enjoy doing would receive higher pay. Fourier considered trade, which he associated with Jews, to be the ""source of all evil"" and advocated that Jews be forced to perform farm work in the phalansteries. Furthermore he believed that there were twelve common passions which resulted in 810 types of character (it is not clear why exactly this number), so the ideal phalanx would have exactly 1620 people. One day there would be six million of these, loosely ruled by a world ""omniarch"", or a World Congress of Phalanxes.Fourier and his contemporaries such as Owen and Saint-Simon were named utopian socialist because of their visions of imaginary ideal societies. Many saw them as not being grounded in the material conditions of society and as reactionary. Despite Fourier's lacking sense of practicality his ideas profoundly influenced all later socialist political and economic though"" Not only was he immortalized by Marx, ""John Stuart Mill shared the same enthusiasm for Fourier as did the German Marx and Engels and the American George Ripley. Fourier's was ""the most skillfully combined, and with the greatest foresight of objections, of all the forms of Socialism."" (Feuer, The Influence of the American Communist Colonies on Engels and Marx, P. 466). Fourier's views inspired in the mid 19. century the founding of the communities in Utopia, Ohio, La Reunion near present-day Dallas, Texas and several other communities within the United States of America, including the North American Phalanx in Red Bank, New Jersey"" Brook Farm in West Roxbury, Massachusetts and the Community Place and Sodus Bay Phalanx in New York State.In the mid 20th Century, Fourier's influence began to rise again among writers appraising socialist ideas outside the Marxist doctrines. After the Surrealists had broken with the French Communist Party, André Breton turned to Fourier, writing Ode à Charles Fourier in 1947.""Traité de l'association domestique-agricole "":Kress C864 Goldsmiths 23694 Einaudi 1960 (including both works). ""Sommaire du traité"":Kress C1060Goldsmiths 23997.‎

‎A fajok eredete a természeti kiválás útján vagyis az elonyös válfajok fenmaradása a létérti küzdelemben. [Hungarian - i.e. On the Origin of Species... Translated by Dapsy László and revised by Margó Tivadar]. 2 vols. - [THE FIRST HUNGARIAN ""ORIGIN OF SPECIES""]‎

‎Budapest, Kiadja a Természettudományi Társulat [Academy of Sciences], 1873 & 1874. 8vo. In two contemporary embossed full cloth bindings with gilt letter- and numbering to spine. Bindings with light wear, primarily affecting hindges. Previous owner's stamp to half title and title page in both volumes. Light occassional brownspotting, primarily affecting first and last leaves. An overall nice copy. XVI, (2), 303, (1)"" VII, (1), 361, (1) pp. + 1 leaf of Advertisement + 2 plates (A frontiespiece of Darwin and one listing the evolution of the different generations).‎

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‎The exceedingly rare first Hungarian translation of Darwin's ""Origin of Species"". Together with the Serbian and the Spanish, the first Hungarian translation of the ""Origin"" is arguably the scarcest of all the translations of the work and very few copies of it are known. The Hungarian public was introduced to Darwinism early on when Ferenc Jánosi reviewed The Origin of Species in the Budapesti Szemle (Budapest Review) half a year after it first appeared in English. Darwin's principal works were first published in Hungarian translation by the Royal Hungarian Natural Science Society (Királyi Magyar Természettudományi Társulat). Translator Dapsy László had been actively working to make Darwin and his idea known in Hungary. Through his articles, he consistently presented Darwinism as a possible model for the type of progressive society that Hungary should attempt to achieve, thus being one of the very earliest to apply Darwin's theories to human society and politics in general. ""Dapsy's translation, inspired by liberal ideals of progress, increasingly became part of the conservative discourse of Hungarian politics, reinterpreted and appropriated according to the nationalist agendas merging in Hungarian Society"". (Mund, The Reception of Charles Darwin in Nineteenth-Century Hungarian Society).Prior to his translation in 1872, Dapsy wrote Darwin: ""I am sorry to say that as yet, here such tendencies are received with a good deal of aversion, but I believe that by-and-by they will accept it, and it would be a great advancement for our political life too"". (Dapsy to Darwin, 12 June 1872). Darwin's response is not known. ""It is characteristic of the enlightened spirit of the country in this period that Darwin received academic recognition earlier in Hungary than in England. Although Cambridge did not honor Darwin until 1879, he was elected an honorary member of The Hungarian Academy of Sciences in 1872, the same year on this occasion the renowned Hungarian zoologist Tivadar Margó visited him at Down.Historical circumstances played a major role in this quick appearance of Darwinism and its popularity in Hungary. The failure of the 1848-49 revolution and war of independence seemingly put an end to progressive political discourse, signaling an ideological crisis among the intelligentsia. In this context, the natural sciences with their 'eternal truths' promised a way out, inasmuch as science's promised objectivity might well serve as a politically neutral expression of progressive values"" (Mund, The Reception of Charles Darwin in Nineteenth-Century Hungarian Society).The present book was one of four scientific works published between 1872 and 1874 by the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, the others being Bernhard von Cotta's Geologie der Gegenwart (1865), Huxley's Lectures on the Elements of Comparative Anatomy (1864), and Tyndall's Heat Considered as a Mode of Motion (1863). An advertisement for these books occurs on the final leaf of vol. II.During Darwin's lifetime, 'Origin' was published in eleven different languages, some of them in more than one edition: The first foreign translation was the German (1860), followed by a Dutch (1860), French (1862), French (1862), Italian (1864), Russian (1864), Swedish (1869), Danish (1872), Hungarian (1873), Spanish (1877) and Serbian (1878), the last three by far being the rarest. OCLC locates only three complete copies: Paris Mazarin Library, University Library of Szeged and The Huntington Library, CA. Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin only hold volume 1. Freeman 703.‎

‎La Duchesse de Padoue. Traduction de Cêcil George-Baziole. Eaux-fortes de Charles Martin. (Paris), Edition de la Banderole, 1926.‎

‎Small 4to. All orig. wrappers in publisher's box, uncut. No 148 of 230 ""sur Velin de Rives"" with and extra suite of the 8 fine etchings by Charles Martin.‎

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‎Untersuchungen über die Beste Construction der Deiche. Aus dem Französischen übersetzt von C.Kröncke. Mit sieben Kupfern. (And withbound) BRUNINGS Abhandlung über die Geschwindigkeit des Fliessende Wassers und von den Mitteln, dieselbe auf allen Tief...‎

‎Franckfurt am Mayn, Behrens-und Körnerischen Buchh., (both) 1798. 4to. Cont. hcalf. Back rubbed and worn, tears to hinge at upper part of back. Bossut & Viallet: (6),78 pp. and 7 large folded engraved plates. - Bruning: XVI,136 pp. and 1 large folded engraved plate. Name to last title in ink. Scattered brownspots. Bossut's work bound at end.‎

‎First German edition of both works. Especially Bossut's work is a classic work in Hydrodynamics. - ""Bossut was one of a very few whom d'Alembert took as students, and as such he was admitted as a correspondent to the Academie des Sciences on may 1753...In 1775 he participated with d'Alembert and Condorcet in a well known series of experiments on fluid resistance....Busset is nevertheless one of the importent figures in the history of physics and engineering education."" (DSB II: pp. 334-35). - Poggendorff I:p. 249.‎

‎Analyse et Examen du Systeme des Philosophes Économistes. - [RARE EARLY CRITIQUE OF THE PHYSIOCRATIC SCHOOL]‎

‎Geneve, Barde & Compagnie, 1787. 8vo. In a fine contemporary half calf binding with five raised bands, red leather title label with gilt lettering and gilt ornamentations to spine. Boards recently repaired An extraordinarily fine copy. VI, 294 pp.‎

‎The rare first printing of abbé Legros's fierce critique of physiocratic doctrines. The physiocratic school and the dawning liberalism dictated that the economic order should espouse as closely as possible the concatenation of causes which make up the order of Nature and that everything is interconnected in the human world as it is in nature. In his own early critique of this physiocratic political economy, the traditionalist Legros developed attacks which can equally well apply to Quesnay, Spinoza, Diderot or d'Holbach: ""if this grand order, this concatenation [cet enchaînement], this general law of movement are eternal [...] if they are necessary, then they exist by themselves, by the necessity of their nature" they therefore replace the Divinity, they take its place" if the grand order is one and the only one, then there no longer is any moral order, any metaphysical order, any supernatural order."" (From the present work: Pp 142-3).Legros (1739-1790) studied theology and functioned as a priest in St.-Aebeul. He always published under the name ""d'un Solitaire"".Einaudi 3300" INED 2773 Masui P. 406.‎

‎Extraits de deux lettres de M. Charles Hermite a M. Jacobi. - [THE VERY FIRST RESEARCH BY HERMITE]‎

‎Berlin, G. Reimer, 1846. 4to. No wrappers. In ""Journal für die reine und angewandte Mathematik. Hrsg. von A.L. Crelle"", 32. Band, 1846"". Entire issue offered.‎

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‎First appearance of these two fundamental letters, representing the very first research by Hermite, sent from Charles Hermite to Jacobi"" the letter first in January 1843, the second in august 1944. Hermite's first letter is on the extension of Abelian functions of the theorem given by Abel on the division of the argument of elliptic functions and begins as follows: ""The study of your memoir published in Crelle's journal under the title 'De functionibus quadruliciter periodicis quibus theoria transcendentium Abelianarum innititur' has led me, for the division of the argument in these functions to a theorem analogous to that which you have given in the third volume of that journal for obtaining the simplest expression of the roots of the equation treated by Abel"". Hermite shows that the corresponding equations are soluble by radicals and he treats of the reduction of the equation in the case of the division of complete functions. Hermite's second letter gives the proof of the formula for the transformation of elliptic functions which Jacobi had given without proof six years before. ""These two letters, embodying as they do the first original researches of Hermite, were given by Jacobi the same cordial reception as had been accorded to his first letter of 1827 by Legendre. Writing on the 24th June, 1843, in reply to Hermite's first letter, Jacobi says ""I thank you very sincerely for the beautiful and important communication which you have made to me about the division of Abelian functions. You have opened, by the discovery of this division, a vast field of researches and new discoveries which will give a great impetus to the analytical art."" (Prasad, Some Great Mathematicians of the Nineteenth Century).‎

‎The Malta and Alexandria Telegraph: Comprising of the following papers, [Forde:] I: The Malta and Alexandria Submarine Telegraph Cable. [Siemens:] II: On the Electricfal Tests. - [THE MALTA-ALEXANDRIA CABLE]‎

‎London, William CLowes and Sons, 1863. 8vo. In the original printed wrappers with Siemens's inscription to front wrapper: ""to Mr. A. L. Ternant / from Author"". With previous owner's stamp to lower part of front wrapper: ""A. L. Ternant"". Lacking upper part of spine, a few marginal annotations in pencil throughout. 50, (5) pp. + 3 large folded plates.‎

‎First printing of this important publication in the history of telegraphs cables with a most interesting presentation inscription: It was given by Siemens to A. L. Ternant, author to several early paper on submarine cables. The Malta-Alexandria cable was ordered by the British government, manufactured by John Pender, and constitute one of the very first submarine telegraph cables. ""The making and laying of the Malta to Alexandria cable gave rise to researches on the resistance and electrification of insulating materials under pressure, which formed the subject of a paper read before the British association in 1863. The effect of pressure up to 300 atmospheres was observed, and the fact elicited that the inductive capacity of gutta-percha is not affected by increased pressure, whereas that of india-rubber is diminished. The electrical tests employed during the construction of the Malta and Alexandria cable, and the insulation and protection of submarine cables, also formed the subject of a paper [the present]."" (Munro, Heros of the Telegraph, P. 72). The Malta-Alexandria cable was the first Siemens was involved in and the experience made him in 1874: ""design the cable ship Faraday and assisted in the laying of the first of several transatlantic cables that it completed. During the last fifteen years of his life he actively supported the development of the engineering profession and its societies and stimulated public interest in the conservation of fuel, the reduction of air pollution and the potential value of electric power in a wide variety of engineering applications.(DSB).In 1859 Glass, Elliot and Company received an order from the British Government to manufacture and lay a cable from Falmouth, England to Gibraltar. The government then changed the route to Rangoon - Singapore and finally to Malta - Alexandria, Egypt.‎

‎Observations on the Parallel Roads of Glen Roy, and of other parts of Lochaber in Scotland, with an attempt to prove that they are of marine origin.‎

‎(London, Richard and John E. Taylor, 1839). 4to. Without wrappers. Extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London."", 1839, Part I. Pp. 39-81 and 2 plates. (1 engraved map and 1 lithographed plate). Both plates with a few brownspots.‎

‎First appearance of Darwin's investigations of the geological phenomenon of the so-called ""Parallel Roads"" in Scotland.""The first published description of the Parallel Roads was by Thomas Pennant in 1771 in his book A Tour of Scotland. This work was far from scientific but during the 19th century Glen Roy played an important role in the development of geological and geomophological theories of landscape evolution.1 Initially the 'Roads' were believed to be lake or marine shorelines. How they were formed in an area that was now high above the sea and without signs of a closed lake bed was a mystery. Initially it was thought that the shorelines were of marine origin and formed during a period when the sea reached levels of the Parallel Roads. Among the proponent of this theory were both Charles Darwin and Charles Lyell.2 It was in particular Darwin who was impressed by the geology of Glen Roy. In 1838 he wrote to Lyell, ""I wandered the mountains in All directions and examined that most extraordinary district. I think without any exceptions, not even the first volcanic island, the first elevated beach, or the passage of the Cordillera, as so interesting to me as this week. It is far the most remarkable area I ever examined. ... I can assure you Glen Roy has astonished me"".3 Darwin and Lyell proved to be wrong in this matter."" (Jan Oosthoek). Freeman 1653.‎

‎An examination of some questions connected with games of chance (+) On the Application of Analysis to the Discovery of Local Theorems and Porisms. - [BABBAGE'S ONLY PAPER ON PROBABILITY]‎

‎Edinburgh, William & Charles Tait / London, Longman, etc, 1823. 4to. In recent marbled paper wrappers. Extracted from ""Trans. Roy. Soc. Edinburgh"" 9, pt. 1 (1821). Leaves reinforced in margin. Pp. (6), 153-177, 337-352.‎

‎First Edition of Babbage's only paper on probability. ""In this paper [Babbage's] concern was primarily mathematical, and we will find considerable skill in the manipulation of functions and polynomials. [...] The major interest in this particular paper [is] the ingenious use of algebra to solve probability problems, especially the devices using the coefficients of polynomials and the roots of unity"" (Dubbey, The Mathematical Work of Charles Babbage, pp. 141-42).Erwin Tomash B22 ‎

‎Autograph letter signed ""Charles Nodier"" written out to his friend Alexandre Dumas ""Mon cher ami,...""‎

‎Undated, around 1836. 1 leaf 8vo. on light-blue paper. 16 lines and signed ""Tout á vous et de coeur/ Charles Nodier"" The letter seems to deal with Alexander Dumas' novel ""Voyages de Gabriel Payot"". On verso of the letter is transscribed in Nodier's hand ""Monsieur Alexandre Dumas,/ cour d'Orleans No 3./ Paris"". Marks after folding. Faint scattered brownspots.‎

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‎Recueil de pièces touchant l'histoire de la Compagnie de Jésus, composée par J. Jouvenci, et supprimée par Arrêt du Parlement de Paris du 24 Mars 1713. Seconde édition revue, corrigée & augmentée [Petitpied] (+) Examen des faussetez sur les cultes ... - [TWO WORKS RELATING TO JESUITS - THE CHINESE RITES CONTROVERSY]‎

‎A Liege, 1716 (Petitpied) & 1714 (Maigrot). 8vo. In a very nice Cambridge-style mirror binding with five raised bands and richly gilt spine. Small paper-label pasted on to top of spine. Back board with scracth with loss of leather. Edge of back board with small tear showing the wooden board. Front free end-paper with a few annotation, otherwise a nice and clean copy. XXI, (1), 539 pp. + folded plate (8), 184 pp. ‎

‎Highly interesting sammelband consisting of two works, both relating to Jesuit affairs and rarely found in the trade: 1 - The second edition of Jouvency’s ‘Histoire de la Compagnie de Jésus’, which was condemned immediately after its publication in 1710 (here all the condemned parts are included) because of its critique of seqular rulers. 2 - First edition of Maigrot’s critique of Jouvency’s view on Chinese religion namely that of the The Chinese rites controversy (c.1582–1742), which wasc a religious quarrel between different Catholic orders over whether it was permissible for Chinese converts to observe traditional rites and use the Chinese terms tian and shangdi to refer to the Christian God. “Rites Controversy debate was most intense in Fujian province where an active group of Christian literati debated with a combative Catholic bishop named Charles Maigrot de Crissey (1652–1730).European missionaries divided largely on the lines of religious orders and nationalities.The Jesuits largely supported the Chinese while the Iberian mendicants (Dominicans and Franciscans) and secular priests were less accommodating. Bishop Maigrot was born and educated in Paris and joined the Society of Foreign Missions of Paris whose missionaries competed with the Jesuits in East Asia.Although Maigrot was resistant to any change in European Christianity,he realized the practical need to study the Chinese language and culture with the assistance of two low-level Chinese literati.Although his linguistic facility remained quite limited,it gave him a false confidence in his knowledge that would eventually cause him great embarrassment. In his interpretation of the Chinese rites,Maigrot relied on the writings of a treatise written by the Dominican missionary Francisco Varo in 1672.Varo took a hard line in prohibiting Chinese Christians from performing ceremonies in honor of their ancestors and Confucius.The Christian literatus Yan Mo (baptized Paul) responded with an essay “Distinguishing Different Forms of Sacrifice” (Bianji) that defended the practice of Christians honoring their ancestors and Confucius.Yan argued that the word for sacrifice (ji) was ambiguous and that it meant different things when it was applied to sacrifices for ancestors, the ancient sages,primary teachers,and the Christian God.He emphasized that one needed to carefully distinguish the internal meaning from the outward ritual because the meaning of “sacrifice”varied with each case.” (Mungello, The Great Encounter of China and the West, 1500-1800)‎

‎A Collection of poems written upon several occasions by several persons. With many additions, never before in print.‎

‎London, for Tho. Collins and John Ford in Fleet-Street, and Will. Cademan and Th. Popes Head New-Exchange Strand, 1673. 8vo. In contemporary full sprinkled calf with five raised bands and gilt lettering and ornamentation to spine. Small paper-label pasted on to top of spine. Previous owner's name in contemporary hand to lower margin of title-page. Light occassional marginal browning and worm-tract to last 4 leaves. Overall a good copy. (6), 185 pp. With numerous typographical errors in pagination, but complete. ‎

‎Often referred to as the second edition of this rare collection of poems. No poet is listed by name, but John Sheffield, Marquis of Normanby, Charles Sedley, George Etherege, and Aphra Behn have been identified as authors. A shorter version in two parts had appeared the year before, so all though technically being a second edition, this version contains new material. These authors are all associated with the period of English literature known as the ""Restoration Era"" (1660-1700) and were influential figures in the literary and theatrical scene of late 17th century England.The period was marked by a resurgence of the arts, theater, and literature characterized by wit, satire, and exploration of social norms.‎

‎La fortune de la cour. Ouurage curieux tire des memoires d'vn des principaux conseillers du duc d'Alencon frere du roy Henry III.‎

‎Paris, Nicolas de Sercy, 1642. 8vo. In contemporary full vellum. Title in contemporary hand to spine and small paper-label pasted on to spine. A few underlignings in red to title-page, otherwise a nice and clean copy. (48), 599, (5) pp. ‎

‎The uncommon first edition of Sorel's revised edition of Dampmartin's 'Du Bonheur de la cour'. Charles Sorel (1597–1674) was a French writer and lawyer, known for his contributions to literature during the 17th century. Sorel published moral and philosophical essays, as well as satirical pieces. He played a significant role in shaping French literature during his time, particularly in the development of the novel genre.‎

‎Experiments in Examination of the Peripheral Distribution of the Fibres of the Posterior Roots of some Spinal Nerves. Received December 2, - Read December 8, 1892. Abbreviated March 2, 1893. (Part I) (+) Experiments in Examination of the Peripheral Di... - [INTRODUCING THE FUNDAMENTAL TERMS AND CONCEPTS OF NEUROSCIENCE]‎

‎(London, Harrison and Sons, 1898). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from ""Philosophical Transactions"", Volume 184, Section B + Volume 190 - Series B. - Pp. 641-763, textillustrations and 11 plates (10 photographic) and pp. 45-186, textillustr. a. 4 plates. Clean and fine.‎

‎First appearance of these groundbreaking papers in modern neurophysiology by ""the most important neurophysiologist Britain has produced, and perhaps the most remarkable neuroscientist ever to have lived."" (Grolier Club ""One Hundred Books famous in Medicine"", p. 326). - ""The experiments on reflex action carried out by Pavlov and by Sherrington provided a foundation for the objective treatment of human psychological problems, in particular the theory of behaviourism.""(PMM: 397, listing Sherrington's book from 1906). ""The data, terms, and concepts that he introduced have become such a fundamental part of the neuroscience that it is perhaps not surprising their authorship is often forgotten: such terms as proprioceptive, nociceptive, recruitment, fractionation, occulusion, myotatic, neuron pool, motoneuron, and synapse, and such concepts as the final common path, the motor unit, the neuron threshold, central excitatory and inhibityory states, proprioception, reciprocal innervation, and the integrative action of the nervous system.""(DSB).""His first steps (in investigation of the nervous system) were to concentrate upon the reflex functions of the cord rather than on the more complex field of the brain" to choose an appropriate experimental animal, the monkey" and to make parallel control and comparison experiments on lower forms to establish the necessary points of anatomical knowledge... Sherrington's basic method was to study simple motor acts which could be made to occur in isolation, correlating his exacting analyses of input-output relations of reflex responses with anatomical and histological data... The effects of decerebration had been partially described by many earlier workers, such as Magendie, Bernard, and Flourens, but it was Sherrington who named decerebrate rigidity and, in a fundamental paper of 1898 (the paper offered) and later publications, established it as a phenomenon in its own right and as a major tool for examining the reflex functions of the spinal cord, particularly the nature of inhibition... He first used the term ""reciprocal innervation"" (in the paper offered), read before the Royal Society on 21 January 1897"" the term he explained, denoted the ""particular form of correlation"" in which one muscle of an antagonistic couple is relaxed as its mechanical opponent actively contracts... Four months later, as the Royal Society's Croonian lecturer, he proposed his classic definition of riciprocal innervation as that form of of coordination in which ""inhibito-motor spinal reflexes occur quite habitually and concurrently with many of the excito-motor."" (DSB XII, pp. 402-3). - This lecture is printed as part IV of the second paper offered.Sir Charles Scott Sherrington's research, spanning more than 50 years, laid the foundations for modern neurophysiology. He maintained that the most important function of the nervous system in higher animals is the coordination of the various parts of the organism. Although best known for his long series of studies on spinal reflexes, he made equally great strides in the physiology of perception, reaction, and behaviour. He was the first to adequately study the synapse and originated the term. He also introduced the term exterioceptor, proprioceptor and viscerocepter. In 1932 he shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Edgar Douglas Adrian.‎

‎O Powstawaniu Gatunków. [i. e. Polish: ""Origin of Species""]. [Translated by Szymon Dickstein]. - [FIRST FULL POLISH TRANSLATION OF DARWIN'S ""ORIGIN OF SPECIES""]‎

‎Warszawa, Przegladu Tygodniowego, 1884. Large8vo. In contemporary half calf. Spine with wear, lacking the upper 1 cm. Small stamp to title-page. Hindges weak and back board detached from bookblock. Verso of title-page and first leaf on content. 437, (1), XVI [Including the plate] pp.‎

‎First edition of the first full Polish translation of Darwin's ""Origin of Species"". An attempt to publish a Polish translation was made as early as 1873. This was, however, never completed and only half of the work was published (Freeman 739), thus making the present copy the very first full Polish translation. As seen in several other countries (especially in Japan) the majority of Polish intellectuals adopted a Social Darwinism perspective at a very early stage, rather than appreciating the English naturalist's caution in applying his ideas to human society.""Before the first translations of Darwin's appeared [...], many Polish intellectuals, such as positivist writer Eliza Orzeszkowa (1841-1910) complained about the increasing confusion over the essence of the English naturalist's ideas, which had all too often been mixed up with all sorts of ideological debates. However, when Darwin's books were actually available in Polish translations, the novelty of his concepts gradually wore off, making room for more serious attempts to come to terms with evolutionary theory."" (Glick, The Reception of Charles Darwin in Europe). ""It appears that the struggle for or against Darwinism in partitioned Poland prefigured a pattern that is relevant for Polish thinking up to the present day: the conflict of striving for progress with the help of powerful allies abroad and of virulently rejecting all foreign advice for fear of losing one's cultural identity."" (Ibid.).Translation was begun by Szymon Dickstein who in the processe of the translation committed suicide. It was completed by Józef Nusbaum who also translated 'The Variation of Animals and Plants under Domestication' in 1888.Freeman 740‎

‎Notes on the Effects produced by the Ancient Glaciers of Caernarvonshire, and on the Boulders transported by Floating Ice.‎

‎London, University of London, 1842. 8vo. In contemporary half calf. In ""The London, Edinburgh, and Dublin Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science"", Vol. XXI. July - December, entire volume offered. Spine with wear and lacking bits of the leather especially affecting front hinge. Leather brittle. Front hindge loose. Exlibris pasted on to pasted down front end-paper. Internally nice and clean. [Darwin's paper:] Pp. 180-88. [Entire volume: viii, 568 pp.].‎

‎First appearance of Darwin’s paper on the effects produced by the glaciers of Caernarvonshire. In 1831 Charles Darwin came to Cwm Idwal and failed to perceive the evidence of glaciation there. In 1842, Darwin then went on to describe the glaciation of Cwm Idwal in some detail. He recorded both his first visit with the Cambridge geologist Adam Sedgwick and his second, more aware, visit in his autobiography: “Next morning we started for Llangollen, Conway, Bangor, and Capel Curig. This tour was of decided use in teaching me a little how to make out the geology of a country. Sedgwick often sent me on a line parallel to his, telling me to bring back specimens of the rocks and to mark the stratification on a map. On this tour I had a striking instance of how easy it is to overlook phenomena, however conspicuous, before they have been observed by any one. We spent many hours in Cwm Idwal, examining all the rocks with extreme care, as Sedgwick was anxious to find fossils in them" but neither of us saw a trace of the wonderful glacial phenomena all around us we did not notice the plainly scored rocks, the perched boulders, the lateral and terminal moraines. Yet these phenomena are so conspicuous that, as I declared in a paper published many years afterwards in the ‘Philosophical Magazine’ [Darwin, 1842], a house burnt down by fire did not tell its story more plainly than did this valley. If it had still been filled by a glacier, the phenomena would have been less distinct than they now are. (Darwin, 1887)” “By 1842, not only had Darwin travelled widely (Herbert, 1991) but Agassiz (1840) had published his theory of glaciation. Darwin was also then apprised of the arguments of the geologist William Buckland. Buckland was known for his penchant for eating every variety of animal, a trait which his son inherited (Burgess, 1967: Chapter 1 Chorley et al., 1964: 100–118 see also Lewry, 2008) but he also developed highly significant ideas on glaciation and the limitations of the diluvial theory (Chorley et al., 1964: 207–210). A key realization is that water-lain flood deposits are normally laid down in stratified layers, with the coarser material below the fine, while the glacial deposits are unstratified and mixed in size. Thus, in contrast to his earlier 1831 lack of glacial observation” (Trudgill, Do theories tell us what to see? The 19th-century observations of Darwin, Ramsay and Bonney on glacial features), Darwin wrote: “Guided and taught by the abstract of Dr. Buckland’s memoir ‘On Diluvio-Glacial Phænomena in Snowdonia and the adjacent parts of North Wales’ I visited several of the localities there noticed, and ... I have been enabled to make a few additional observations. Dr. Buckland has stated that a mile east of Lake Ogwyn there occurs a series of mounds, covered with hundreds of large blocks of stone, which approach nearer to the condition of an undisturbed moraine, than any other mounds of detritus noticed by him in North Wales. By ascending these mounds it is indeed easy to imagine that they formed the north-western lateral moraine of a Trudgill 559 Downloaded from ppg.sagepub.com at PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIV on September 16, 2016 glacier, descending in a north-east line from the Great Glyder mountain. But at the southern end of Lake Idwell the phænomena of moraines are presented, though on a much smaller scale, with perfect distinctness. (From the present paper, p. 180)” Darwin then gives a detailed description of the glacial features: “On entering the wild amphitheatre in which Lake Idwell lies, some small conical, irregular little mounds, which might easily escape attention, may be seen at the further end. The best preserved mounds lie on the west side of the great black perpendicular face of rock, forming the southern boundary of the lake. They have been intersected in many places by streams, and they are seen to consist of earth and detritus, with great blocks of rock on their summits. They at first appear quite irregularly grouped, but to a person ascending any one of those furthest from the precipice, they are at once seen to fall into three (with traces of a fourth) narrow straight linear ridges. The ridge nearest the precipice runs someway up the mountain, but the outer one is longer and more perfect, and forms a trough with the mountain-side, from 10 to 15 feet deep. On the eastern and opposite side of the head of the lake, corresponding but less developed mounds of detritus may be seen running a little way up the mountain. It is, I think, impossible for any one who has read the descriptions of the moraines bordering the existing glaciers in the Alps, to stand on these mounds and for an instant to doubt that they are ancient moraines nor is it possible to conceive any other cause which could have abruptly thrown up these long narrow steep mounds of unstratified detritus against the mountain-sides. (From the present paper, p. 180)”‎

‎Figures de Vendée. 52 Eaux-Fortes Originales de Charles Huard. Paris, Maurice Mery, 1903.‎

‎4to. Bound in a fine longgrained hmorocco, broad back and large corners, 5 raised bands, topedge gilt, uncut, all orig. wrappers withbound (Flammarion). No 153 of 234 ""sur velin de Rives...Blanchet et Kléber"", a total of 250 copies. 52 fine etchings by Huard.‎

‎Recueil de Lettres, proclamations et Discours de Charles Jean, prince royal et ensuite Roi de Suede et de Norvège. (1.-) second Partie. (1. Partie: deuxieme edition).‎

‎Stockholm, C. Deleen, 1839-38. Bound in 2 fine red cont. hcalf, richly gilt backs. Stamp on titles. 333,322 pp.‎