11041 books for « laurent l »Edit

‎Sur la Chlorophéniise et les Acides Chlorophénisique et Chlorophénèsique. (+) Sur l'Acide Camphorique. (+) Essai sur l'Action du Chlore sur la Liqueur des Hollandais et sur quelques Ethers. - [FIRST CLASSIFICATION OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS AND THE ""SUBSTITUTION THEORY""]‎

‎Paris, Crochard, 1836. 8vo. In contemporary half cloth with gilt lettering to spine. In: ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique, Par MM. Gay-Lussac et Arago."", 2e Series, Tome 63. Entire volume offered. Some scattered brownspots, other fine with no institutional stamps. Laurent's papers: pp. 27-45, pp. 207-219 a. pp. 377-389. [Entire volume: 448 pp].‎

‎First apperance of 2 milestone papers in organic chemistry, in which Laurent ""converted Dumas' theory into a real theory theory of substitution by making the importent addition that when a compound undergoes chlorination, the chlorine takes the place , and, as it were, plays the part of the hydrogen, which is removed.""(Findley). In these papers Laurent published his table of chloridised compounds, many being then unknown. His table is THE FIRST ATTEMPT AT A CLASSIFICATION OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS based on the generating hydrocarbonates. (Partington IV, p. 382-83). His system of classification had a profound influence on the development of organic chemistry. ""A founder of modern organic chemistry, Laurent was one of the most important chemists of the nineteenth century. He considered the behavior of matter to be a manifestation of its intimate internal structure, which one cannot determine with certainty but which one has to investigate if one wants to understand. Laurent’s preoccupation was to construct a method that could guide the chemist forward along this path, from facts to their causes. He was the first chemist to intimately associate crystallo-graphic data and chemical studies. Louis Pasteur and Charles Friedel later followed the way.""(DSB). The volume contains other notable papers: Gay-Lussac (5 papers), Boussingault, Pelouze, Justus Liebig etc. etc.‎

‎Recherches diverses de Chimie organique. (+) Suite des Recherches diverses de Chimie organique.‎

‎Paris, Crochard, 1836. Contemp. hcloth. In: ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique, Par MM. Gay-Lussac et Arago."", 2e Series, Tome 66. 448 pp. a. 1 folded engraved plate. (Entire volume offered). Laurent's papers: pp. 136-213 a. pp. 314-335. Some scattered brownspots.‎

‎First printing of Laurent's long paper in which he tried to develope the rules of substitution into a chemical system oforganic compounds, the ""Nucleus theory"". Laurent is considered one of the most importent chemists in the 18th centuryHis first theoretical efforts were largely taxonomic in character. He then began to develop a pictorial model based on atomistic representations as considered by earlier French crystallographers. Laurent’s ""nucleus theory"" or ""theory of derived radicals""located every substance at the intersection of two kinds of transformations: substitutions, which operate on the matter inside the fundamental radical and do not affect its general chemical behavior, and external modifications, which influence various chemical functions. (DSB).""In his studies of the derivatives of naphtalene, Laurent was impressed by the fact the the fundamental properties of these compounds remained, in spite of the various substitutions which took place in them. A certain nucleus seemed to impose its properties on all its derivatives. This nucleus theory was the basis for the unitary which was specifically formulated by Gerhardt.""(Leicester & Klickstein ""A Source Book in Chemistry"", p. 345).The volume contains other notable papers by Regnault, D'Arcet, Chevreuil, Rose, Gay-Lussac and Carlo Matteucci's importent memoir ""Sur la Propagation du Courant Electriques dans les Liquides"", pp. 225-313.‎

‎Recherches diverses de Chimie organique. (+) Suite des Recherches diverses de Chimie organique.‎

‎Paris, Crochard, 1836. 8vo. Contemp. hcalf. Raised bands, gilt spine. A few scratches to spine. In: ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique, Par MM. Gay-Lussac et Arago."", 2e Series, Tome 66. 448 pp. a. 1 folded engraved plate. (Entire volume offered). Laurent's papers: pp. 136-213 a. pp. 314-335. Internally fine and clean.‎

‎First printing of Laurent's long paper in which he tried to develope the rules of substitution into a chemical system oforganic compounds, the ""Nucleus theory"". Laurent is considered one of the most importent chemists in the 18th centuryHis first theoretical efforts were largely taxonomic in character. He then began to develop a pictorial model based on atomistic representations as considered by earlier French crystallographers. Laurent’s ""nucleus theory"" or ""theory of derived radicals""located every substance at the intersection of two kinds of transformations: substitutions, which operate on the matter inside the fundamental radical and do not affect its general chemical behavior, and external modifications, which influence various chemical functions. (DSB).""In his studies of the derivatives of naphtalene, Laurent was impressed by the fact the the fundamental properties of these compounds remained, in spite of the various substitutions which took place in them. A certain nucleus seemed to impose its properties on all its derivatives. This nucleus theory was the basis for the unitary which was specifically formulated by Gerhardt.""(Leicester & Klickstein ""A Source Book in Chemistry"", p. 345).The volume contains other notable papers by Regnault, D'Arcet, Chevreuil, Rose, Gay-Lussac and Carlo Matteucci's importent memoir ""Sur la Propagation du Courant Electriques dans les Liquides"", pp. 225-313.‎

‎Sur les Acides Pimarique, Pyromarique, Azomarique, etc. (+) Sur les divers Nitrites et chlorure Anthrocéniques. (2 Papers).‎

‎(Paris, Crochard, 1839) No wrappers. In: ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique, Par MM. Gay-Lussac et Arago."", tome 72, Cahier 4. Pp. 337-445 (entire issue offered). Laurent's papers: pp. 383-415 and pp. 415-427. With general titlepage to volume 72.‎

‎First printing of two importent papers on organic chemistry in which Laurent used halogens systematically, and these led him to distinguish two types of reactions, (equivalent) substitutions and additions, and to develop his nucleus theory. ""A founder of modern organic chemistry, Laurent was one of the most important chemists of the nineteenth century. He considered the behavior of matter to be a manifestation of its intimate internal structure, which one cannot determine with certainty but which one has to investigate if one wants to understand. Laurent’s preoccupation was to construct a method that could guide the chemist forward along this path, from facts to their causes. He was the first chemist to intimately associate crystallo-graphic data and chemical studies. Louis Pasteur and Charles Friedel later followed the way.""(DSB).‎

‎Recherches sur les Combinaisons Azotées.‎

‎Paris, Victor Masson, 1846. 8vo. Contemp. hcalf, raised bands, gilt spine. Light wear along edges. Small stamps on verso of titlepage. In: ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique"", Troisieme Series - Tome 18. 512 pp. and 2 folded engraved plates. Laurents paper: pp. 266-298. Somewhat brownspotted.‎

‎First printing of this classic work in the history of organic chemistry in which Laurent made clear ""the distinction between equivalents, atoms and molecules, by attaching to these terms meanings similar to those given to them at the present day. Like Avogadro and Ampère, Laurent regarded the molecules of hydrogen, of oxygen, of chlorine, etc., as consisting of two atoms and of forming ""homogenous Compounds"" which could then give rise to ""heterogenous compounds"" by double decomposition -(HH) + (CICI) = (HCI) + (HCI) - as had long before been pointed out by Avogadro.""(Findley ""A Hundred Years of Chemistry"", p. 32.""A founder of modern organic chemistry, Laurent was one of the most important chemists of the nineteenth century. He considered the behavior of matter to be a manifestation of its intimate internal structure, which one cannot determine with certainty but which one has to investigate if one wants to understand. Laurent’s preoccupation was to construct a method that could guide the chemist forward along this path, from facts to their causes. He was the first chemist to intimately associate crystallo-graphic data and chemical studies. Louis Pasteur and Charles Friedel later followed the way.""(DSB).‎

‎Note sur le radical de l'acide chlorophénisique" par M. laurent. (Renvoi (rejected) à la commission précédemment nommée).‎

‎(Paris, Bachelier), 1836. 4to. No wrappers. In: ""Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences"", Tome 3, Séance Lundi 7 Novembre. Pp. (523-) 558. (Entire issue offered). Laurent's paper: pp. 552-553.‎

‎First apperance in print of Laurent's announcement of his fundamental discovery, rejected at first by the Academy, in which he ""converted Dumas' theory into a real theory of substitution by making the importent addition that when a compound undergoes chlorination, the chlorine takes the place , and, as it were, plays the part of the hydrogen, which is removed."" (Findlay).Laurent demomstrates that a chlorine atom can be substituted for a hydrogen atom in a chemical with little change in properties. As this refutes the prevailing concept, his work is rejected by the chemical community at first. (Bunch 1836 C).‎

‎Analyse du Spodumène de l'Arriège et de la Wichtyne. (+) Sur de nouveaux Chlorures et Bromures d'Hydrogéne carboné. (+) Sur la Nitronaphtalase, la Nitronaphtalèse et la Naphtalase. (+) Sur le Benzoyle et la Benzimide.‎

‎Paris, Crochard, 1835. Contemp. hcloth. Gilt lettering to spine. In: ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique, Par MM. Gay-Lussac et Arago."", 2e Series, tome 59. 446,(2) pp. (Entire volume offered). Some scattered brownspots. Laurent's papers: pp. 107-111, 196-220,376-397 a. 397-422.‎

‎First printing of these importent papers in the history of organic chemistry explaining the differences to Dumas' law of substitutions, and introducing a ""new type"" and what he calls ""fundamental and derived radicals"". The introduction of the ""Nucleus Theory"" was the basis for the unitary theory formulated by Gerhardt.""While studying the reactions of naphthalene and its compounds with the halogens and nitric acid, Laurent was from the start characteristically concerned with the construction of an explanatory theory that would account for these phenomena. Like most creative scientists, he generalized his solution to a specific problem through the imaginative use of analogy, leading to the elaboration of the first comprehensive theory adequate for dealing with the whole domain of contemporaneous organic chemistry."" (DSB).""A founder of modern organic chemistry, Laurent was one of the most important chemists of the nineteenth century. He considered the behavior of matter to be a manifestation of its intimate internal structure, which one cannot determine with certainty but which one has to investigate if one wants to understand. Laurent’s preoccupation was to construct a method that could guide the chemist forward along this path, from facts to their causes. He was the first chemist to intimately associate crystallo-graphic data and chemical studies. Louis Pasteur and Charles Friedel later followed the way.""(DSB).‎

‎Analyse du Spodumène de l'Arriège et de la Wichtyne. (+) Sur de nouveaux Chlorures et Bromures d'Hydrogéne carboné. (+) Sur la Nitronaphtalase, la Nitronaphtalèse et la Naphtalase. (+) Sur le Benzoyle et la Benzimide. - [THE NUCLEUS THEORY OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS]‎

‎Paris, Crochard, 1835. 8vo. In contemporary half calf with gilt lettering to spine. In: ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique, Par MM. Gay-Lussac et Arago."", 2e Series, tome 59, Entire volume offered. Wear to extremities, internally very fine and clean. Laurent's papers: pp. 107-111" 196-220 376-397" 397-422. [Entire volume: 446,(2) pp.].‎

‎First printing of these importent papers in the history of organic chemistry explaining the differences to Dumas' law of substitutions, and introducing a ""new type"" and what he calls ""fundamental and derived radicals"". The introduction of the ""Nucleus Theory"" was the basis for the unitary theory formulated by Gerhardt.""While studying the reactions of naphthalene and its compounds with the halogens and nitric acid, Laurent was from the start characteristically concerned with the construction of an explanatory theory that would account for these phenomena. Like most creative scientists, he generalized his solution to a specific problem through the imaginative use of analogy, leading to the elaboration of the first comprehensive theory adequate for dealing with the whole domain of contemporaneous organic chemistry."" (DSB).""A founder of modern organic chemistry, Laurent was one of the most important chemists of the nineteenth century. He considered the behavior of matter to be a manifestation of its intimate internal structure, which one cannot determine with certainty but which one has to investigate if one wants to understand. Laurent’s preoccupation was to construct a method that could guide the chemist forward along this path, from facts to their causes. He was the first chemist to intimately associate crystallo-graphic data and chemical studies. Louis Pasteur and Charles Friedel later followed the way.""(DSB).‎

‎Von dem Verbrennen und Athemholen. (IV Stück von ""Über die Wärme"")‎

‎Helmstädt und Leipzig, J.G. Müllerschen Budhhandlung, 1787. Small 8vo. Orig. printed blue wrappers. In: ""Chemische Annalen...von Lorenz Crell"", 1787, 2. Bd., 7. Stück. Pp. 1-95 (the entire issue (Stúck 7) offered). Lavoisier & La place's paper: pp. 62-94.‎

‎First appearance in German of the fourth part of of the classic joint paper ""Mémoir sur la Chaleur"", published 1783, which contains the section on combustion and respiration.""Few collaborations in the history of science can equal, for the eminence of the two participants, that between the coryphaeus of the Chemical Revolution, Antoine-Laurent Lavoisier, and his collegue in the Royal Academy of Science, the mathematical physicist, Pierre-Simon de Laplace. We remember this collaboration chiefly, if not solely, for the famous investigatuon on Calorimetry, which resulted in one of the aknowledged classics of science, the joint ""Mémoir sur la Chaleur"", pulished in the Histoire et Mémoires of the Academy of Sciences in 1784.""(Henry Guerlac).‎

‎Sur l'Hydrobenzamide.‎

‎Paris, Crochard, 1836. 8vo. In contemporary half calf with gilt lettering spine and five raised bands. The original wrappers withbound in the back. In ""Annales de Chimie et de Physique"", tome 62. Entire volume offered. Paper label pasted on to top of spine. Three stamps to verso of title-page. A few light occassional brownspots, otherwise a fine copy. 23-31. [Entire volume: 448 pp.]. ‎

‎First appearance of Laurent's paper in which he presents his discovery of the compound Hydrobenzamid.‎

‎Genera Plantarum secundum Ordines Natur ales Disposita, juxta Methodum im Horto Regio Parisiensi Exaratam, Anno MDCCLXXIV. - [""BASIS, WITH WORK OF LINNAEUS, OF MODERN NATURAL CLASSIFICATION OF PLANTS"" - HORBLIT]‎

‎Paris, Herissant & Barrois, 1789. 8vo. In contemporary full sprinkled calf with five raised bands and gilt lettering and ornamentation to spine. Spine with wear and parts of gilting worn off. Hinges a bit weak. First and last leaves brownspotted but internally generally nice and clean. 24, LXXII, 498, (1) pp. ‎

‎First edition of this seminal work on plant classification which surpassed all previous taxonomies. “Jussieu’ thorough study of the genera and families of flowering plants (1774-1789) resulted in the publication of his epoch-making Genera plantarum (1789). For this work Jussieu had at his disposal not only the rich collections of living plants at the royal garden, but also his uncle’s and his own rich herbarium, as well as the collections made by Philibert Commerson on his world voyage with Bougainville" the Commerson collections proved to be of critical importance for the inclusion of many tropical angiosperm families. Through an exchange of specimens, Jussieu also had access to part of Sir Joseph Banks’s collections from Cook’s first voyage, and another valuable London contact was with James Edward Smith, Owner of Linnaeus’s herbarium. The Genera plantarum soon found its way to centers of botanical research. With excellent generic description, the book presented a through summary of current knowledge of plant taxonomy. The genera were arranged in a natural system based upon the correlation of a great number of characteristics, a system which proved to be so well designed that within a few decades it was accepted by all leading European botanists, the most active proponents being Robert Brown and A. P. de Candolle. Jussieu’s arrangement of families is among those elements of the Genera plantarum that remain a part of the contemporary system of classification.” Horblit 68b Pritzel 4549 Hunt 703‎

‎Nouveau Meslange de pieces curieuses tant en prose qu'en vers.‎

‎Paris, Sommaville, 1664. 12mo (150 x 90 mm). In contemporary full sprinkled calf with five raised bands. Small paper label pasted on to top of spine (indicating an inventory in an estate library). Light wear to extremities and light damp to first leaf, otherwise a fine copy. (4), 217, (2). ‎

‎Faraos Blomster. En Kkulturhistorisk-botanisk Skildring af livet i det gamle Ægypten bygget på realiteter med billeder fra de sidste års udgravninger.‎

‎K., 1952. Lex8vo. Smukt orig.hldrbd. 298 pp. Rigt illustr.‎

‎Traité D'Algèbre. Quatrieme edition. Troisieme Partie. Theorie des Équations.‎

‎Paris, Gauthier-Villars, 1887. Cont. hcalf. Gilt back. Back a little rubbed. (4),213 pp.‎

‎Mémoire Sur la Combustion du Fer. (Etc. etc. etc.). - [THE LAVOISIERIAN REVOLUTION IN CHEMISTRY]‎

‎Paris, Rue et Hotel Serpente, 1789. 8vo. Contemporary half calf. Gilt spine, slightly rubbed, light wear to spine ends. ""Annales de Chimie: ou Recueil de Mémoires Concernant la Chimie et les Arts qui en Dépendent. Par MM. de Morveau, Lavoisier, Monge, Berthollet, De Fourcroy, le Baron de Dietrich, Hassenfratz & Adet."" Tome Premier. (2),312,(2) pp. The entire volume offered. Some scattered brownspots. A small wormtract to upper margin of ab. 20 leaves, no loss of letters.‎

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‎First edition of the first volume of this very important journal, founded by Lavoisier and his friends, collaborating in establishing THE NEW SCIENCE of Anti-Phlogistic theory in chemistry. Crosland (in ""The two French Revolutions"" and ""The Imperial Despotism of Oxygen"") claims that for a clear understanding of the CHEMICAL REVOLUTION, THE NEW JOURNAL of ANNALES DE CHIMIE can be rightly considered as FUNDAMENTAL as the ""Traite élementaire de Chimie"".""A third and most important instrument was the establishment of a new scientific journal, edited - and dominated - by the votaries of the ""new chemistry"". The first number of this journal of the Annales de chimie appeared in 1789, the year of the Revolution. Its editors were besides Lavoisier, his early disciples - Guyton, Berthollet, Fourcroy, and Monge - with the addition of three new recruits: the Strassbourf metallurgist the Baron de Dietrich, Jean-henri Hssenfratz and Pierre Auguste Adet.""(DSB VIII, p.81).LAVOISIER'S paper on COMBUSTION (pp. 19-30) contains his important interpretation of the phenomena of combustion in air, making the fundamental distinction between burning and combustion. By this ""Lavoisier gave to the study of chemistry a new life, a new direction and a wider outlook."" (Alexander Findley).""The Lavoisierian memoir on combustion of iron stood out among the large number of interesting papers discussed in the first volume of the ""Annales"". In his account Lavoisier sustained that in nature, combustion without flames did occur. Thus, he clarified the distinction between ordinary burning and combustion: an issue on which the majority of traditional chemists were confused. The need for accuracy and precision in laboratory practices was emphasised in his study, as it was a means to determine quantities rather than assuming them.""(Angela Bandinelli in ""Scientific Communication During a Major Change ...Empirical Research: Annales de chimie vs Obs. sur la physique/ Journal de physique (1789-1803)).The volume furthermore contains important papers by: Adet, Fourcroy (3 papers), Berthollet (3 papers), Chaptal, Hassenfratz (5 papers), Baron de Dietrich (2 papers), Klaproth (2 papers), Girtanner, Dollfuss, Bonz de Ettingen, Crell, De Morveau.‎

‎Über die Verbindung des Säurestoffs mit Eisen. (2 Theile).‎

‎(Helmstädt und Leipzig, J.G. Müllerschen Budhhandlung), 1789. Small 8vo. Orig. printed blue wrappers. In: ""Chemische Annalen...von Lorenz Crell"", 1789, Drittes und Viertes Stück. Pp. 194-288 a. pp. 289-384 (2 entire issues offerd). Lavoisier's papers pp. 260-275 a. pp. 323-29.‎

‎First German edition of Lavoisier's ""Mémoire sur l'union du Principe oxygine avec le Fer"", published in the memoires of the French Academy, 1785 in which he concluded that commercial iron contains carbon, that metals are combustible bodies, whichcan combine with other combustible bodies such as sulphur, phosphorus and carbon.Partington III, pp. 458-59.‎

‎Histoire de ce qui s'est passé relativement au Prix proposé sur la Formation du Salpêtre. (+) Recueil de Mémoires et de Pièces sur la Formation et la Fabrication du Salpêtre. (2 parts).‎

‎Paris, Moutard, 1786. 4to. Contemp. full sprinckled calf with 5 raised bands on spine. Richly gilt compartments, title-and tomelabels with gilt lettering. A small nich to leather at middle of front hinge. A small tear to rear hinge at upper compartment. ""Mémoires fe Mathematique et de Physique, Présentés à l'Academie des Sciences par divers Savans"", Tome XI. (4),198,682 pp. Wide-margined, fine and clean.‎

‎This collective work is the French Academy's monumental treatise on the chemistry and the production of Salpetre, a topic of great importence for the war-industry in making gunpowder. The volume contains papers by Macquer, Darcy, Lavoisier, Sage, Baumé, de la Rochefoucault, Clouer and an anonymous report on experiments made in England (CAVENDISH'S) on the composition of nitric acid....papers by Cornette, Thouvenel and Thouvenel, Le Lorgna, Gavinet and Chevrand, de Beunie, Romme, Clouet and Lavoisier, de Rochefoucault etc.(Partington III, p. 467 n).""The Regie des Poudres et Salpetres had the monopoly of refining salpetre from 1775 until it was suppressed during the Revolution. Until his retirement in 1791 the leading light in it was Lavoisier, who seems to have written its publications. - In 1775 the Academy offered a prize of 4000 livres for a process for procuring an abundant supply of salpetre,the announcement being written by Lavoisier. Altogether 66 papers were received and the prize was finally awarded in 1782 to the brothers Thouvenel, who gave a full account of nitre plantations. The material was published in 1786 in one volume by the Academy. In it Lavoisier describes 'Experiences sur la décomposition du nitre par le charbon' said to have been made in 1784...""(Partington III, pp. 466 ff.).""Peu de temps après que Lavoisier eut été nommé régisseur des poudres et salpêtres, il suggéra à Turgot, alors contrôleur général des finances, l'idée de charger l'Académie des sciences de décerner un prix au meilleur mémoire sur la formation du salpêtre. 'Académie nomma une commission dont Lavoisier fut le rapporteur " c'est lui qui examina tous les mémoires présentés au concours, en fit l'analyse, et, quand l'Académie publia en 1786 un volume contenant l'histoire du prix du salpêtre et les mémoires présentés au concours, c'est encore Lavoisier qui en fut le rédacteur. Ce volume fait partie du Recueil des mémoires de mathématiques et de physique présentés à l'Académie royale des sciences par divers savants et lus dans ses assemblées (tome XI, contenant le Recueil des mémoires sur la formation et la fabrication du salpêtre, à Paris, de l'imprimerie Moutard, DCCLXXXVI). Sauf les mémoires des concurrents et un mémoire du duc de la Rochefoucault, ce volume est tout entier de la main de Lavoisier. Il est formé de deux parties la première est intitulée : Histoire de ce qui s'est passé relativement au prix proposé sur la formation du salpêtre " la seconde partie comprend les mémoires présentés au concours ainsi que des mémoires de Lavoisier et Clouet, un mémoire sans signature, mais qui appartient à Lavoisier (le manuscrit autographe a été conservé), le mémoire du duc de La Rochefoucault, et les expériences de Lavoisier sur la décomposition du nitre par le charbon.""‎

‎Mémoire sur les diffrenetes méthodes proposées pour déterminer le titre ou la qualité du Salpêtre brut, sur la volatilisation de ce sel, qui a lieu par la simple ébullition, et sur les changemens qu'il paroît convenable de fairee aux operations us...‎

‎(Paris, Rue et Hôtel Serpente, 1792-93). No wrappers. In: ""Annales de Chimie, ou Recueil de Mémoires concernant la Chemie"" Tome 15 (December issue) + Tome 16 (January issue), entire issues offered. Pp. 224-266, pp. 297-316 (Resultat..), pp. 3-39 a. 1 large folded table.‎

‎First printing of two importent memoirson the Salpetre industry.‎

‎La Fayette als Staatsmann als Krieger und als Mensch. Nach dem Französischen. Mit einer Vorrede von Johann Reinhold Forster. Mit La Fayette's Bildnis.‎

‎Magdeburg, Creutz, 1794. Small 8vo. Contemp. hcalf. Richly gilt spine. Titlelabel with gilt lettering. Stamp on title-page. Engraved frontispiece (Portrait). (20),291 pp.‎

‎Atlas des Mémoires pour servir a L'Histoire militaire sous le Directoire, le Consulat et l'Empire.‎

‎Paris, Anselin, 1831. Large folio-oblong. (54 x 68 cm.). Clothbacked contemp. blank boards, rubbed. (4) pp.( = Title-page + Notice sur les Cartes et Plans) and 17 large engraved maps, some folding. Faint scattered brownspots.‎

‎Genera Plantarum secundum Ordines Naturales disposita, juxta Methodum in horto Regio Parisiensi exaratam...Notisque auxit Paulus Usteri.‎

‎Turici Helvetorum, 1791. Cont. hcalf. Back lacks. LXXIX,526,XXIV pp. Slightly browned.‎

‎Geschichte des Kaisers Napoleon. Dritte verbesserte Auflage.‎

‎Leipzig, Carl B. Lorck, 1856. Contemporary hcalf. Gilt back. Engraved portrait. X,482 pp. Stamp on title. Scattered brownspots.‎

‎Theorie & Pratique des Assurances sur la Vie.‎

‎Paris, n.d.ca. 1900. Small8vo. Contemp. hcalf. Gilt back. 176 pp.‎

‎Keiser Napoleons Historie. Oversat af Frederik Schalemose. 2 Bd.‎

‎Kjøbenhavn, Høst, 1841. Et senere helshirtbd. med forgyldt skindtitwel på ryg. 385250 pp. samt 10 plancher i stålstik (portrætter og slagscener). Ren og frisk.‎

‎Analyse du Gypse. (1765).‎

‎Paris, L'Imprimerie Royale, 1768. 4to. Extract from ""Mémoires fe Mathematique et de Physique, Présentés à l'Academie des Sciences par divers Savans"", Tome V. With tittlepage to vol. 5. Pp. 341-357. Clean and fine.‎

‎First appearance of Lavoisier's FIRST PUBLISHED CHEMICAL PAPER introducing quantitative methods in chemistry, and in which he for the first time brought a hydrometer in use to measure the specific gravities of components of a chemical solutions. Lavoisier defended the originality of his approach in the following words: ""It is to the art of combination that the knowledge of the specific gravities of fluids can bring most light. This aspect of chemistry is much less advanced than we thought, we possess barely the rudiments of it."" ""This first paper, which in so many respects embodies the quantitative methods Lavoisier was to employ in his later work, had in fact been largely anticipated by others, notably by Marggraf, who had already discovered the composition of gypsum and shown that it contained water (phlegm). Yet Lavoisier’s work was more through" and his paper, his first contribution to the Academy of Sciences (read to the Academy on 25 February 1765), appeared in 1768. (The paper offered). - Lavoisier’s earliest chemical investigation, his study of gypsum, was mineralogical in character" begun in the autumn of 1764, it was intended as the first paper in a series devoted to the analysis of mineral substances. This systematic inventory was to be carried out, not by the method of J. H. Pott ""who exposed minerals to the action of fire"" but by reactions in solution, by the ""wet way."" ""I have tried to copy nature,"" Lavoisier wrote. ""Water, this almost universal solvent ""is the cheif agent she employs"" it is also the one I have adopted in my work."" Using a hydrometer, he determined with the care the solubility of different samples of gypsum (samples of selenite, or lapis specularis, some supplied by Guettard and Rouelle). He made similar measurements with calcined gypsum(plaster of paris). Analysis convinced him that this gypsum was a neutral salt, a compound of vitriolic (sulfuric) acid and a calcareous or chalky base. Not content with having shown by analysis the composition of the gypsum, Lavoisier completed his proof by a synthesis following, as he said, the way that nature had formed the gypsum. He further demonstrated that gypsum, when transformed by strong heating into plaster of Paris, gives off a vapor, which he showed to be pure water, making up about a quarter of the weight of gypsum. Conversely, when plaster of Paris is mixed with water and turns into a solid mass, it avidly combines with water. Using the expression first coined by Rouelle, he called this the ""water of crystallization."" (DSB).Partington III, pp. 378-79. - ‎