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Über die Systematik der Isotopen. - [ANTICIPATION OF THE DISCOVERY OF THE NEUTRON]
Berlin, Julius Springer, 1928. 8vo. Entire volume 47 of ""Zeitschrift für Physik"" bound in contemporary brown-red half cloth with gilt title to spine. Library stamp to title-page. Minor wear to extrimities. Inner front hinge a bit weak. A nice and clean copy. Pp. 407-16 + one folded table. [Entire volume: VII, (1), 914 pp.].
First printing of Beck's important paper in which he anticipates the discovery of the neutron by four years, a seminal contribution to the discovery of the nuclear shell model. In 1914, Moseley introduced the periodic table and in 1925, Pauli explained the periodicity by enumerating the electrons fitting in shells surrounding the atomic nucleus.""It became apparent that there are, in general, several different isotopes per element. [...] This was a problem of nuclear physics since isotopes of the same element differ only by their isotopes. A first attempt was made in late 1927 by Beck [the present paper] in Vienna, who compiled a comprehensive table of known isotopes [...] The paper written more than four years before the discovery of the neutron, is remarkable not so much for its results but for two nearly prophetic statements:"" (Brandt. The Harvest of a Century, p. 317). The prophetic statements in the present paper are: 1. ""Die einfachste Annahme, die man diesbezüglich machen kann, ist, dass man sich die Kerne, analog wie die Elektronenhülle der Atome, schalenförmig aufgebaut denkt."" (i.e. The simplest assumption one can make in this respect it to imagine nuclei, in analogy to the electron hull of atoms, to be built up of shell).2. ""Die Gesetzmässligkeiten der Tabellen lassen aber hoffer, dass das Pauliprinzipund der Spin sich auch auf dem Gebiet der Kerne als Wegweiser bewähren werden."" (i.e. The regularities [observed in the table of isotopes] allow to hope that the Pauli principle and the spin will prove of value as guideposts also in the field of nuclei.).
Über die Systematik der Isotopen. - [ANTICIPATION OF THE DISCOVERY OF THE NEUTRON]
Berlin, Julius Springer, 1928. 8vo. Bound in contemporary half cloth with gilt lettering, In ""Zeitschrift für Physik"", Band 47, 1928. Entire issue offered. Two stamps to title page, otherwise fine. Pp. 407-16 + one folded table. [Entire volume: VII, (1), 914 pp.].
First printing of Beck's important paper in which he anticipates the discovery of the neutron by four years, a seminal contribution to the discovery of the nuclear shell model. In 1914, Moseley introduced the periodic table and in 1925, Pauli explained the periodicity by enumerating the electrons fitting in shells surrounding the atomic nucleus.""It became apparent that there are, in general, several different isotopes per element. [...] This was a problem of nuclear physics since isotopes of the same element differ only by their isotopes. A first attempt was made in late 1927 by Beck [the present paper] in Vienna, who compiled a comprehensive table of known isotopes [...] The paper written more than four years before the discovery of the neutron, is remarkable not so much for its results but for two nearly prophetic statements:"" (Brandt. The Harvest of a Century, p. 317). The prophetic statements in the present paper are: 1. ""Die einfachste Annahme, die man diesbezüglich machen kann, ist, dass man sich die Kerne, analog wie die Elektronenhülle der Atome, schalenförmig aufgebaut denkt."" (i.e. The simplest assumption one can make in this respect it to imagine nuclei, in analogy to the electron hull of atoms, to be built up of shell).2. ""Die Gesetzmässligkeiten der Tabellen lassen aber hoffer, dass das Pauliprinzipund der Spin sich auch auf dem Gebiet der Kerne als Wegweiser bewähren werden."" (i.e. The regularities [observed in the table of isotopes] allow to hope that the Pauli principle and the spin will prove of value as guideposts also in the field of nuclei.).
"MAGNAN, CLAUDE - JEAN THIBAUD et ANDRÉ MOUSSA - CHARLES HAENNY et ALBERT ROSENBERG - FRANCIS PERRIN - GUIDO BECK et PETER HAVAS.
Reference : 49286
(1939)
Sur la cassure des noyaux éléments plus légers que l'uranium, sous le bombardement des neutrons. (+) Sur la rupture des noyaux d'uranium sous l'action des neutrons et la libération d'énergie qui en résulte. (+) Émission de neutrons lors de la... - [THE ATOM BOMB AND NUCLEAR ENERGY.]
(Paris, Gauthier-Villars), 1939. 4to. No wrappers. In: ""Comptes Rendus hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences"", tome 208, No 10, 12, 18, 20 a. 21. Pp. (5 Entire issues offered). The papers: pp. 742-744, 744-746, 898-900,1394-96,1573-1575 a. 1643-1645. Disbound.
First printing of 5 importent papers containing substantial contributions to the development and understanding of the fission process in the crucial year 1939, the results leading to the creation the atomic bomb and nuclear energy production. Among the papers here are Francis Perrin's landmark paper: ""Calcul relatif aux conditions éventuelles de transmutation en chaine de l'uranium."" (in 2 parts).Nuclear fission of heavy elements was discovered on December 17, 1938 by Otto Hahn and his assistant Fritz Strassmann, and explained theoretically in January 1939 by Lise Meitner and her nephew Otto Robert Frisch. The Group at College de France, headed by Joliot and Perrin, worked in the month after January intensively with the uranium processes and succeeded in establishing the possibility of nuclear chain reactions and nuclear energy production.""The remaining piece of the fission/atomic bomb concept was provided in 1939 by Francis Perrin who introduced the concept of the critical mass of uranium required to produce a self-sustaining release of energy. His theories were extended by Rudolf Peierls at Birmingham University and the resulting calculations were of considerable importance in the development of the atomic bomb. Perrin's group in Paris continued their studies and demonstrated that a chain reaction could be sustained in a uranium-water mixture (the water being used to slow down the neutrons) provided external neutrons were injected into the system. They also demonstrated the idea of introducing neutron-absorbing material to limit the multiplication of neutrons and thus control the nuclear reaction (which is the basis for the operation of a nuclear power station).""
