‎GARY N. CALKINS‎
‎BIOLOGY‎

‎The Principles of Biology. 3 vols. - [COINING THE TERM ""SURVIVAL OF THE FITTEST""]‎

‎London, William and Norgate, 1883,1885. 8vo. 3 uniform volumes partly uncut in the original embossed cloth. Volume 1 being the revised and enlarged third edition, Volume II (in two parts) being the second edition. Miscolouring to extremities, otherwise a fine set. XII, 883, 16 pp." (2), II, (2), 237, (1), 16 pp." Pp. VI, (4), 229-682, X, 16.‎

‎A collected set of the second edition and much enlarged third edition of this magnum opus of biology, in which Spencer coined the term ""survival of the fittest"". ""This survival of the fittest, which I have here sought to express in mechanical terms, is that which Mr Darwin has called ""natural selection, or the preservation of favoured races in the struggle for life"""". (Spencer, Herbert. The Principles of Biology, Vol. I, p. 444).Together with Charles Darwin and Thomas Huxley, Herbert Spencer (1820 - 1903) was responsible for the acceptance of the theory of evolution. His greatest and most influential work in this connection was his ""The Principles of Biology"", which forms the biological part of his grand project for a Synthetic Philosophy, which he worked on from 1862 to 1893. It is on this work that his fame today mainly rests, not least because it was here that he was the first to use the term ""survival of the fittest"" and due to this work that he greatly helped spread the acceptance of the theory of evolution.""The Principles of Biology attempted to reconcile the new Darwinian theory of natural selection with the Lamarckian mechanism of acquired characteristics which Spencer had endorsed long before publication of the Origin of the Species. In Spencer's view, while the Darwinian theory could explain most of biological evolution, the Lamarckian mechanism was necessary to explain 'higher' evolution, and especially the social behavior of humanity. Both theories however, instantiated the principle of evolution. In this sense, therefore, it is incorrect to characterize Spencer as a follower of Darwin. Although he coined the phrase 'survival of the fittest', and is often misrepresented as a thinker who merely applied the Darwininan theory to society, he did not aim to generalize Darwin, but rather to show that natural selection could be accommodated within an overarching principle of evolution that Spencer had independently developed. Biological organisms could be shown to progress, both as individuals and as species, from simple, undifferentiated, homogeneity to complex, differentiated, heterogeneity"" the Darwinian theory was only of significance in providing a partial explanation for this universally observed tendency"" (Dictionary of Nineteenth-Century British Philosophy vol. 2:1055).""Spencer saw higher forms emerging from a gradual process of adaptation to the environment. The Principles of Biology analyzes the principal mechanisms by which this occurs and relates them to the specialized structures and function of plants and animals."" (D.S.B.: XII, 571).The work was originally issued to subscribers in parts from January 1863 to October 1864 (Vol. I) and January 1865 to March 1867 (Vol. II). ‎

‎Studies in Biology. A collection of 14 parts on general biological and ecological issues in this well known series.‎

‎1972-1982 Includes the following: Ecological Energetics / Microecology / Chemistry of the Cell / Animal Growth and Development / Size and Shape / The Biology of Pollution / Introductory Statistics for Biology / Homeostasis / Genetics and Adaptation / Ecology and Archaeology / The Genetic Code / Evolution in Modern Biology / Biological Clocks / Evolution and Pollution. Each part has ca. 50-80 pages and is paperbound.‎

‎Studies in Biology. A collection of 14 parts on general botanical issues in this well known series.‎

‎1975-1981 Includes the following: Translocation in Plants / Developmental Plant Anatomy / Plant Symbiosis / Endogenous Plant Growth Substances / The Biology of Slime Moulds / The Biology of Slime Moulds / Dormancy and the Survival of Plants / Ecology of Plants in the Tropics / Phytochrome and Plant Growth / The Biology of Weeds / Plants and Temperature / Plant Growth Analysis / Plant Physiological Ecology / Ecology of Insect-Plant Interactions / Biological Control of Pests and Weeds. Each part has ca. 60-70 pages and is paperbound.‎

‎Tabentsky A. A. Atlas of the Anatomy and Biology of Sugar Beet. (Atlas of the Sm‎

‎Tabentsky A. A. Atlas of the Anatomy and Biology of Sugar Beet. (Atlas of the Small Anatomy of the Biology of the Tsugari Drill). (Beta vulgaris L. var. saccharifera) In Russian (ask us if in doubt)/Tabentskiy A. A. Atlas risunkov anatomii i biologiiTabentsky A. A. Atlas of the Anatomy and Biology of Sugar Beet. (Atlas of the Small Anatomy of the Biology of the Tsugari Drill). (Beta vulgaris L. var. saccharifera) In Russian (ask us if in doubt)/Tabentskiy A. A. Atlas risunkov anatomii i biologii sakharnoy svekly. (Atlas malyunkiv anatomii ta biologii tsukrovogo buryaka). (Beta vulgaris L. var. saccharifera).Systematized summary of drawings from the works of various authors. (Systematizations of the stars of the small print). Kyiv. Editorial and Publishing Department of the Board of the Sahartrust. 1922. 8 XVI 142c. We have thousands of titles and often several copies of each title may be available. Please feel free to contact us for a detailed description of the copies available. SKUalb51e29e38fd78142e‎

‎Journal of the History of Biology - Volume 24 - number 1 - Spring 1991 , edited by Harvard University‎

‎Reidel , Journal of the History of Biology Malicorne sur Sarthe, 72, Pays de la Loire, France 1991 Book condition, Etat : Bon paperback In-8 1 vol. - 170 pages‎

‎ Contents, Chapitres : James A. Secord : Edinburgh Lamarckians : Robert Jameson and Robert E. Grant - Marianne van den Wijngaard : The acceptance of scientific theories and images of masculinity and feminity, 1959-1985 - Nicolas Rasmussen : The decline of recapitulationism in early Twentieth-century biology : disciplinary conflict and consensus on the battleground of theory - Elazar Barkan : Reevaluating progressive eugenics : Herbert Spencer Jennings and the 1924 immigration legislation - Frederick R. Prete : Can female rule the hive - controversy over honey bee gender roles in British beekeeping texts of the 16e-18e centuries - Koscak Maruyama : The discovery of Adenosine triphosphate and the establishment of its structure - Essay review : Sharon E. Kingsland : Science and politics in the 19th century - J.H.B. Bookshelf working copy from Pierre Thuillier, very few annotations at ink - few words handwritten on the front-wrapper‎